Nazi policy towards Jews ( emigration, ghettoisation, Einsatzgruppen ) Flashcards
What were all the Nazi racial policies ?
- Emigration
- Ghettoisation
- Einstazgruppen
What was the first method to ‘germanise’ Germany ?
- emigration
How did Hitler call Germany without Jews ?
- Germany Judenfrei
When did the Nazis move to forced emigration ?
- As war approached, Nazi regime to move to more radical policies, focus moved to forced emigration
When was emigration see as the ‘solution to the Jewish problem’ ?
- From late 1938 until the autumn of 1941
What was voluntary emigration ?
- Nazi regime allowed emigration but strictly controlled it
How many Jews left Germany in 1933 ?
- In 1933, 37,000 Jews left Germany
- including many scientists and cultural figures including Albert Einstein
How many Jews left Germany in the years 1933- 1938 ?
- From March 1933 and November 1938 150,000 Jews voluntarily left Germany
Why did many Jews choose not to leave Germany ?
- chose to stay as they believed that this was just another spike in anti- semitism
Why was the emigration policy confusing ?
- situation was made confusing as the Nazis were both encouraging Jews to emigrate and threatening to confiscate some of their assets
Why was emigration not an effective policy ?
- it was difficult to find countries willing to accept large amounts of Jews.Many countries began to raise barriers to limit Jewish immigration
- Even Palestine only received a limited amount of Jews because the British who controlled it, were worried about Arab hostility to Jewish immigration
How were Nazi policies towards Emigration contradictory ?
- pressured people to emigrate but, at the same time, making it harder for them to do so by stripping them of their wealth
How did the situation change after Reichkristallnacht ?
- Any jews desperately sought refuge from obvious dangers they faced in Germany.
- jewish parents keen to get their children out of Germany. 9,000 Jewish children sent to Britain in 1938-39
What was controlled emigration ?
- key policy of the Nazi regime, not least because it enabled massive economic exploitation
What did Reinhard Heydrich use Austria for ?
- used Austria as a laboratory for developing SS office
Impact of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration ?
- 45,000 of Austria’s Jews had been forced to emigrate
What did the Nazis use the illegal seizure of Jewish property for ?
- used to fund the emigration of poorer Jews
When did Heydrich take charge of the Reich Office for Jewish Emigration ?
- January 1939
What was the task of Reinhard Heydrich in the Reich Office ?
- had the task of promoting the emigration of Jews by every possible means
What did the SD do in relation to Jewish organisations ?
- The SD set about amalgamating all jewish organisations into a single Reich Association of the Jews in Germany
How was the Reich Association modelled ?
- modelled on methods used in Austria by SS emigration expert Adolf Eichmann in 1938.
How did the nazis view / consider Nazi Jews ?
- They were in the main poor and more Orthodox
- In appearance, they fitted the stereotype of rascally, inferior Untermenschen
How did the Nazis intend to use the General Government ?
- as a dumping ground for poles and Jews displaced from the areas that were to be colonised by ethnic Germans
How did the Nazis intend conditions to be like in the ghettoes ?
- Nazis deliberately intended conditions in the reservation to be so bad that most of the people deported would die
What did Hitler instruct Adolf Eichmann in October 1939 ?
- told him to arrange the deportation of 70,000 to 80,000 Jews from the district of Katowice in Germanised Poland
- Hitler on top of this demanded the deportation of 300,000 Jews from Germany and the removal of all Jews from Vienna
Who was Adolf Eichmann ?
- Head of the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration n
