Nazi Opposition Flashcards
How many members in Edelweiss pirates
6000
Edelweiss pirates in war
During the war, took part in attacks on authorities
12 publicly hanged 1944
How many members in white rose group
5 students
When was White rose group formed/ ended
1942
leaders executed 1943
Strengths of Swing Youth movement
Long term movement
5000-6000
Freiburg Circle
Prepared to bring hitler down
Didnt want to hinder war
Leaders imprisoned
Kreisau circle
25 members
leading anti-nazi group
Mostly theoretical: planning for post nazi regime
How many members in SPD
3000
When were leaders of SPD arrested
1934
How many members in KPD
30,000
4 types of LW opposition
SPD
KPD
Workers
Red orchestra
How did Gestapo respond to Workers?
Arrested them
Concentration camps
Red orchestra
Pro soviet
dedicated to replacing Nazism with communism
All leaders tracked down
Women support for Nazis?
shared belief on Gender roles,
accepted policies designed to exclude women from the workplace.
DFW (Nazi Women organisation) didn’t attract working class/ rural as it was based on previous M/C organisations
Why did rural workers support Nazis?
More security over land
Autarky meant didn’t have to compete with imported goods so stable income
Press censorship laws
All forms of COmmunication subject to Nazi COntrol
1933- radios had to express nazi ideology
1933- Crime to publish anything that might weaken gov
Evidence Nazis had effective press censorship (3)
Evidence they didnt (1)
Nazi owned papers increased 2.5%-82% 1933-45
By 1939 controlled 2/3 of press
86 newspapers, 3 mill readions
10% decline in newspaper circulation
When was the law for malicious gossip
1933
How many people sentenced under the law for malicious gossip?
By 1937, 17,000
Expanding use of COncentration camps
1933 for political opponents
1938 expansion to include racial/asocial prisoners
Expanded function in war- forced labour, death camps
1.3 million sent to Autschwitz, 1.1 million killed
Features of Peoples courts inc makeup of pannel
Try political opponents
2 judges and 5 chosen from either Nazi party, Army, SS
Cant appeal
10,000’s passed through
At peak, how many GEstapo members
30,000
Example of how GEstapo in reality didnt have many members
In Desseldorf
Population of 4 mill
only 280 agents
Evidence of how gestapo relied on denounciations
80% investigations came from denunciations
When were SPD leaders arrested
1934
