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History Paper 1 > Nazi Germany & its People > Flashcards

Nazi Germany & its People Flashcards

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1
Q

What were Hitlers visions for Germany? (4)

A

Racial purity - Aryan race

Military and economic strength

Lebensraum

Loyalty

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2
Q

What kind of state did the Nazis want?

A

Totalitarian

No rival parties and no political debate

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3
Q

What 3 things came under the Nazi Police State?

A

The SS

The Gestapo

Concentration camps

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4
Q

Who led the SS?

A

Heinrich Himmler

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5
Q

What was the role of the SS?

A

To destroy Nazi opposition

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6
Q

Who led the gestapo?

A

Reinhard Heydrich

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7
Q

What could the gestapo do?

A

Arrest citizens and send them to concentration camps without trial.

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8
Q

Which aspect of the Nazi police state did the people fear the most?

A

The gestapo

People often told on each other to avoid caught themselves

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9
Q

Who ran concentration camps?

A

SS death head units

Prisoners were forced to do hard labour

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10
Q

What was the most famous rally Goebbels organised? What did it do?

A

The Nuremberg rallies

Showed the Germans the Nazis power

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11
Q

How were books controlled? (2)

A

No books could be published without Goebbels permission.

Book burning in 1933 - books that included any ideas unacceptable to the Nazis

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12
Q

What did Goebbels do with the radio?

A

Made and controlled cheap radios available to all Germans.

Nazi ideas were repeated until believed by the German people

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13
Q

How did Goebbels control the music?

A

Banned Jazz - claimed it was black music and black were considered an ‘inferior race’

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14
Q

What was school like in Nazi Germany?

A

Taught about how the hardships of the 1920s were caused by Jews

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15
Q

What was home life like in Nazi Germany?

A

Hitler = 1st loyalty

Family = 2nd loyalty

Parents found it hard to adjust to this

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16
Q

Give 2 examples of young people opposing the Nazis

A

Swing Movement

Edelweiss Pirates

17
Q

What did the Swing movement believe?

A

Resented the way the Nazis controlled people’s lives.

18
Q

How did the Swing movement show their discontent?

A

Through their interest in banned music.

Hung out in nightclubs and bars. - Nazis later closed these bars and arrested some members.

19
Q

How many groups of Edelweiss Pirates were there by 1939?

A

2,000

20
Q

What did the Edelweiss pirates oppose the Nazis for?

A

Opposed the way the Nazis controlled their lives and their political ideas

21
Q

How did the EdelweissPirates oppose the Nazis?

A

Made fun of Hitler youth groups and sometimes violently attacked them

22
Q

How did the elderly feel in Nazi Germany?

A

They were better off:

  • Generous pensions
  • Security for their money

However pensions did become unstable towards the end of the war.

23
Q

List 2 positives for women in Nazi Germany

A

Financial incentives were in place for married couples to have at least 4 children.

Awarded the ‘Gold cross’ for having 8 children and were given a seat at Nazi meetings.

24
Q

Why did Hitler offer financial incentives to women?

What happened as a result?

A

Because he was alarmed by the falling birth rate.

= BR increased by 5% from 1933 to 1939.

25
Q

Who reinforced the ideas of financial incentives for women in Nazi Germany?

A

German Maidens League

26
Q

List 3 negatives for women in Nazi Germany

A

Opportunities were limited

Discrimination against women for jobs was encouraged

U-turn late 1930s- women were needed to work late as there was no more unemployed men.

27
Q

What are the 2 ways in which the Nazis won the loyalty of industrial workers?

A

Strength through joy

Beauty of labour movement

28
Q

What did the strength through joy program provide industrial workers with? (3)

A

Cheap cinema and theatre tickets

Sports events at cut prices

Holidays on cruises

29
Q

What did the beauty of labour movement do for industrial workers in Nazi Germany? (2)

A

Improved working conditions in factories

Introduced washing facilities

30
Q

How did the Nazis keep strict control of the industrial workers?

A

By making them join the general labour front which meant they couldn’t go on strike for better pay and working conditions.

31
Q

Who ran the general labour front?

A

Dr Robert Ley

32
Q

What type of businesses really benefited from Nazi rule? Why?

A

Big businesses

= no longer had to worry about troublesome trade unions and strikes

33
Q

What there opposition to the Nazi regime?

A

Only some because constant propaganda kept the patriotic Germans in the positive frame of mind.

34
Q

What did the Nazis use as an excuse to launch violent revenge on all Jews?

A

When a Jew killed a German diplomat in Paris in 1938.

Nazis attack = Kristallnatch

35
Q

List 3 effects of kristallnatch

A

Almost 100 Jews were murdered

Hundreds of synagogues burned

20,000 Jews taken to concentration camps

36
Q

Why did Bonhoeffer oppose the Nazis in 1933?

A

Because of the policies about race and euthanasia, also pointed out that Nazis were anti-Christian.

37
Q

What methods of opposition did Bonhoeffer have?

A

Worked closely with other opponents and church contacts to help 14 Jews escape to Switzerland.

38
Q

How did the Nazis deal with Bonhoeffer?

A

Held him in a concentration camp until he was executed in 1945.

History Paper 1 (12 decks)

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