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History Paper 1 > League of Nations - Successes > Flashcards

League of Nations - Successes Flashcards

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1
Q

List the 4 aims of the League of Nations

A

To prevent aggression

To encourage co-operation between nations

To work towards international disarmament

To improve the living and working conditions for all the people

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2
Q

What is a mandate?

A

An official order for territory to be taken under the control of protection of another country.

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3
Q

What are the 4 parts to the League?

A

The Assembly

The council

The secretariat

Peacekeeping role

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4
Q

What were the 3 agencies of the secretariat?

A

Commissions

The ILO (International Labour Organisation)

The Permanent Court of Justice

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5
Q

Facts about the Leagues Assembly

A

Located in Geneva, Switzerland

The debating chamber

Membership of 42 countries when it started

Each country had a single vote in the Assembly

Met once every year

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6
Q

How many times did the council meet a year?

A

3 and for any emergency

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7
Q

What was the council made up of?

A

Permanent and temporary members

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8
Q

Who were the 4 permanent members of the league?

A

Italy, Japan, Britain and France

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9
Q

What was VETO in the council in the League?

A

VETO meant if one country disagreed then the idea would be scrapped.

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10
Q

What was the secretariat?

A

An international civil service that carried out the work of the league.

It also kept records of League meetings and prepared reports for the different agencies of the league.

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11
Q

What was the main role of the council?

A

To solve any disputes between states.

If any country was considered to have started a war through aggression then all the members of the League would take action against the aggressor.

This action was split into 3 stages?

  1. Moral condemnation
  2. Economic sanctions
  3. Military force
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12
Q

The aim of the commissions was to tackle major issues, how did they attempt to do this?

A
  • The World Health Organisation attempted to deal with the problem of dangerous diseases.
  • The Refugee Organisation worked to help return people to their original homes after WW1.
  • A slavery commission was set up to work for the abolition of slavery.
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13
Q

What did the International Labour organisation aim to do?

A

To improve the working conditions.

Issues that they often discussed were wage rates, working hours and safety.

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14
Q

What did the Permanent Court of International Justice do?

A

It would make a decision on a dispute between 2 countries.

It also gave legal advice to the Assembly or council.

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15
Q

What were the strengths of the League?

4

A

42 Countries joined the League at the start and membership had risen to around 60 countries by 1930.

Looked strong as world powers such as Britain, Japan, Italy and France were on the council.

Set up by the TofV

Had a ‘means of influence’ to force its countries to obey.

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16
Q

What were the 3 ‘means of influence’ ?

A

Moral condemnation

League could offer arbitration to control and have a say between quarrelling nations

Economic sanctions

17
Q

What did the success of the League of Nations depend on?

A

Membership and its ability to act against aggression

18
Q

What was the greatest success of the League in the 1920s?

A

Its work as an agency by helping refugees and fighting the spread of drug addiction, disease and slavery.

Also created treaties to resolve disputes.

19
Q

What year was the treaty of Rapallo and which countries were involved?

A

1922

USSR and Germany

20
Q

Was the League involved in the Rapallo treaty?

A

NO

21
Q

What happened in the Rapallo treaty?

A

USSR and Germany re-established diplomatic relations (started to communicate about trade)

This would have helped Germany get back on its feet and would show that Europe was stabilising itself.

22
Q

What year and who was involved in the Dawes Plan?

A

1924

USA and Germany

23
Q

Explain the Dawes Plan in 1924

A

To avert a terrible economic crisis in Germany, the USA lent money to Germany to help it pay its reparations bill.

As a result of the reparations being paid there would be less conflict between countries and Germany would get the chance to become stronger.

The League was NOT involved.

24
Q

When and who was the Locarno Pact between?

A

1925

Germany and France

25
Q

Explain the Locarno Pact in 1925

A

Germany accepted its western boarders were now France’s land. Which resulted in more countries being at peace and meant that Germany was no longer fighting to get their land back.

League was NOT involved

26
Q

When and who was the Kellogg-Briand Pact between?

A

1928

65 nations

27
Q

Explain the Kellog-Briand Pact in 1928

A

65 nations agreed to not use forces to settle disputes.

This meant no one would have to lose soldiers if there wasn’t any fighting and 65 nations were more peaceful to each other. (Links to one of the Leagues main aims)

League WAS involved.

28
Q

What was the Kellog-Briand Pact in 1928 seen as?

A

A high point of friendly international relations during the 1920s.

HOWEVER

The agreement had a weakness that there was nothing said about how to react if one country broke the rules. Meaning the agreement would only work if members kept their word.

Wasn’t able to prevent the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931.

29
Q

What year was the Young Plan?

A

1929

30
Q

Explain the Young Plan in 1929

A

The League reduced Germany’s reparation payments.

France and Britain were ok with this because it meant they would be able to find peace with Germany sooner which would help Germany re-stabilize.

31
Q

What were the successes of the Drugs Commission and World Health Organisation of the League?

A

Reduced the sale of dangerous drugs as well as helping countries to control the outbreaks of life-threatening diseases.

When a refugee crisis hit Turkey in 1922 lots of people had to go to refugee camps, the League acted quickly to prevent diseases such as Cholera in these camps.

32
Q

What were the successes of the Health committee of the League?

A

Defeated the Leprosy disease and started the global campaign to exterminate mosquitoes.

This greatly reduced cases of malaria and yellow fever in the later years.

Even the USSR, who opposed the League, took the health committees advice on preventing the plague in Siberia.

33
Q

Name a success of the League of Nations special commissions

A

The League black listed 4 large German, Dutch, French and Swiss companies which were involved in the illegal drug trade.

As a result, it freed around 200,000 slaves in British-owned Sierra Leone.

34
Q

Explain the successes of the International Labour Organisation

(3)

A

Banned poisonous white led from paint and limited the hours that young children were allowed to work. - This meant people could have a healthier lifestyle as well as giving the children better social health.

Challenged the use of forced labour to build railways in Africa meaning people weren’t forcibly working long hours which would affect their health.

History Paper 1 (12 decks)

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