Nazi Germany- Hitler and the Rise Of The Nazi Party Flashcards
List some key facts of Hitler’s early career and his beliefs. (3)
- Hitler was a failed artist and then a soldier in the Germany army.
- He was anti-semitism and he was also envious of the Jews who were wealthy and made them his scapegoat and blamed them for his problems.
- He joined the army and he found it hard to accept the armistice, believing that Germany was on the verge of winning when it was betrayed by politicians.
German Worker’s Party?
- Hitler came across the German Worker’s Party (DAP) led by Drexler and joined it in 1919. It was renamed the Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s Party or Nazi party.
- Anti communist, anti-Jewish and a nationionalist party
Describe how the Nazi party was set up by Hitler? (3)
- Hitler was a charismatic speaker and attracted new members to the DAP and he was therefore put in charge of recruitment and propaganda.
- By 1921, he was strong enough to challenge Drexler and take over the leadership of the party himself.
- DAP renamed to Nationalist Socialist Democratic Workers Party or the Nazi Party
Why were the SA introduced? (2)
- The political meetings generated much violence and in order to protect the nazi speaker, protection squads were used which developed into the SA in 1921 -> which attracted many ex-soldiers, esp from the Freikorps
- SA would disrupt the meeting of Hitler’s opponents, esp the Communists and often beat up opposition supporters.
What number did the members of the Nazi Party increase?
By 1922, the Nazi Party had 6000 members, rising to 50,000 2 years later.
What was the 25 Point Plan?
Nazi drew up the Twenty Five Point Plan as their political manifesto- it was vague and deliberately designed to appeal to as many groups as possible.
Key features of the Twenty Five Point Plan? (5)
- Union of all Germans to form a Greater Germany.
- Getting rid of TOV incl all the reparations.
- Gov to NATIONALISE all business that have been formed into co-operations and share profits.
- destroy communism.
- increase state pensions.
When was the Munich Putsch and who was involved?
Munich Putsch was in 1924 and Hitler supported by General Ludendorff
- Goering( leader of the Nazi Party)
- von Karr( forced against his own will to support- life or death)
Why was there the Munich Putsch? (3)
- Weimar Republic was more unpopular than ever due to the effects of hyperinflation- people were angry.
- Hitler wanted to overthrow the Republic by organising a putsch in Bavaria and then march on Berlin- Hitler think Stresemann betrayed the German people because he surrendered to the French and ended passive resistance- humiliation for the German people and many right wings in Germany saw this as a weakness in the Gov
- He thought Bavarian leaders would support him such as von Kahr, Otto von Lossow and Seisser.
Describe the events of the Munich Putsch. (4)
1) 8th Nov 1924- Hitler and the SA burst into the beer hall disrupting a meeting held with 3000 businessmen and the 3 leaders( Kahr, Seisser and Lossow) were held at gunpoint with 600 SA until they offered support for the Putsch.
2) Next day- Luddendorf and Hitler with about 3000 supporters marched through Munich, hoping to win mass public support. von Kahr had alerted the police and the army with 100 police blocking the path of the march.
3) The shooting lasted only a minute but 16 marchers were killed & 3 policemen were shot.
4) Hitler dislocated his shoulder but fled the scene and 2 days later was arrested. Ludendorff was also arrested
Consequences of the Munich Putsch? (4)
- Hitler was put on trial and the charge was high treason but he turned his trial into a propaganda success, using it to attack the Weimar Republic- provided him with publicity
- Court was sympathetic to Hitler and gave him the minimum sentence- 5 years but he only served 9 months.
- He wrote Mein Kampf( my struggle) which contained his political views.
- He realised he needed complete control over the party and in the future he needs to gain power through legal methods by winning elections.
Give reasons for the limited support for the Nazi Party, 1924-28? (3)
- Economic recovery under Stresemann and people were happy.
- Hitler was seen as an extremist and dangerous.
- Only won 12 seats in the 1928 election.
Give reasons for the success for the Nazi Party, 1924-28? (7)
- it won 32 seats in the 1924 elections.
- Mein Kampf- publicity for Nazi party and raised awareness- propaganda and anti-semitism.
- Hitler Youth- 1928
- Hitler created party branches, called Gaue, each led by a Gauleiter- held meetings and raised awareness.
- he began to target farmers and rural voters rather than urban workers.
- though the support for Nazi party dropped from 6% to 3%, membership increased to 100,000 members by 1928.
- SS were created as Hitler’s personal bodyguard.
When was the Wall St Crsh and what did it result?
-1929- led to US loans being recalled and as a result, many business sacked and workers were forced to close.
-German farmers suffered and
by 1932 over 6 million people were unemployed.
-Many homeless roaming the streets.
How did the W. Gov deal with the Wall Strt Cash?
- They did not want to print money or get into debt therefore they raised taxes and reduced benefits which only worsened the situation which lost Brüining support( he came after Muller who was forced to resign after the level of unemployment)
- ## Weimar republic was blamed for becoming too dependant on US loans.
