Nazi Germany Flashcards
What year is the Kaiser abdicated
November 1918
What significant event happened in June 1919?
Treaty of Versailles is signed
What year is the Weimar constitution established?
1919
When were the Spartacist and Freikorp uprisings
January 1919
What was the Kapp putsch and when did it happen?
In 1920 it was a right wing attempt fo seize power and it invited the Kaiser back which isn’t what the people wanted
What did the French invade in 1923 and why was it an important place?
The Ruhr - it was home to many coal fields which were vital to germanys industrial production
What was hyperinflation and what year did it happen?
It’s when you print more money than you actually have so the value of it decreases dramatically - 1923
Who became chancellor then foreign minister in 1923
Stresemann
What was the Munich putsch and when did it happen? And was it unsuccessful or successful?
It was when hitler and the nazis attempted to overthrow the government. It was unsuccessful but helped them in the long run
What plan in 1924 helped Germany with reparations?
The Dawes plan- loans from the US
When was hitlers book mein kampf published
1925
In 1925 stresemann signed a pact with Britain france Italy and Belgium where Germany accepted a new border with France as outlined in the treaty of Versailles and the Rhineland was to be free of troops immediately. What was the name of this pact?
The Locarno pact
What was the Kellogg Briand pact? And when did it happen?
1928- Germany and 61 other countries signed it and it promised these countries wouldn’t use war to achieve their aims.
What significant event happened in 1929 which started the Great Depression?
The Wall Street crash - where americas stock exchange crashed and they still needed to pay back reparations.
What was the young plan and who agreed it and what year did it happen in
1929- another economic plan agreed by stresemann where reparations were reduced to 2 billion and Germany were given more time to pay (59 years - until 1988)
What year did the Nazis become the biggest party in the Reichstag
1932
What year was Hitler appointed Chancellor, why and by who?
1933, because they had more seats than any other party, President Von Hindenburg
What was the Reichstag fire, when did it take place and why did it benefit Hitler?
In 1933 the Reichstag building was set on fire and the man found guilty was a communist. Nazis claimed it was part of a communist terrorist plot and due to this basic civil rights like freedom of speech were suspended and Hitler was able to arrest communists and other opposition.
What was the name of the act in 1933 that meant Hitler could make laws without the Reichstag’s approval essentially making him a dictator?
The Enabling act
When did the boycotting of Jewish shops and businesses start?
April 1933
Who were the Gestapo and when were they established?
1933 and they were Hitlers secret police of Nazi Germany
What are 2 reasons Hitler had to support the SA and what are 2 reasons he had to support the army?
SA: they had over 2,500,000 men, they were committed Nazis, Rohm the SA leader was a friend of Hitlers, they had fought with him in the Munich Putsch
Army: had support of big businesses, an efficient army was needed to retake lost land, well trained and organized
What are 2 reasons Hitler had to problems with the SA and what are 2 reasons he had problems with the army?
SA: Hitler didn’t agree with many of the SA’s anti-capitalist policies (disagreeing when a country’s trade and industry’s are controlled by private owners), SA was beginning to get out of hand, they disapproved of some of the Nazi leaders.
Army: didn’t know how loyal they would be , only had 100,000 men, some of the generals disliked Hitler and the Nazis, had the organization to remove Hitler
What was the 1933 Concordat?
exchanging a ban on the political activities of priests for the continuation of Catholic education
When and what was the Night of long knives?
1934 - Hitler betrayed Rohm and made it look like the SA were trying to overthrow the government before they dragged out the Sa leaders and killed them
1934 Hindenburg dies so what does Hitler become?
Fuher (leader)
What was the name of the laws that increased Jewish persecution by saying only those of German blood are citizens, Jews can’t marry german citizens or have a German passport? When was it put in place?
The Nuremberg laws
Why were the Berlin 1936 Olympics important for the Nazis?
They were able to show the Nazis in a good light as the games were filmed so it was used as propaganda. There were rumors that the Nazis were persecuting Jews so this was an attempt to hide it and show the world they weren’t
What was Kristallnacht and when did it happen
It was attacks on Jewish people and gangs smashed and burnt their property and about 100 Jews were killed
