Navy

Question 1

Naval defence act

Answer 1

Two power standard
10 battle ships, 42 cruisers, 18 torpedo gunships - 1893/4
Fisher scrap 154 ships, fleet conc Europe

Aim end arm race - unchallenged ship

1914- still most powerful but not unchallenged

Question 2

New industrial technology

Question 3

Admiral graham

Question 4

Cooks navigation

Question 5

Admiral fisher

Answer 5

Responsible for first modern destroyers in late 1890s - scraped 154 old ships, concentrate fleet in Europe
Created Royal Navy reserve so Britain had large reserve to call on in times of war
Ideas accumulated HMS dreadnought - so powerful could make all other ships obsolete

Question 6

End of napoleonic wars

Question 7

Suppressing piracy

Question 8

Protection and suppression of slave trade

Question 9

Commercial protection

Question 10

Retention of Gibraltar

Question 11

Acquisition of Cyprus

Question 12

Acquisition of falklands

Answer 12

Britain wanted to establish naval base yo ensure naval presence in south Atlantic - protect Argentina trade
European colony founded 1823 by Luis Vernet
Sent single ship to combat Vernet capturing 3 American sealing ships - reasserting British control
Guard-post combatted traffic through cape horn connecting Atlantic to pacific
Strategic importance decreased after opening of Panama Canal 1914
Excerpt British influenced over South America - exploit collapse
Showed world Britain was open to foreign trade - end mercantilism
Helped secure access to Rio de la plata, Argentina river
7% british exports to latin America

Question 13

The acquisition of malta, Ceylon, and Cape Town

Question 14

Acquisition of Aden

Answer 14

Britain sent frigates to Aden, seized from powering local resistance
Strategic location by suez, protection
Prevent French advance through Egypt or Russia through Persia
Link chains of British ports
Suppressing piracy
Entrepôt, won coffee trade