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SWE > Navigation > Flashcards

Navigation Flashcards

1
Q

What is a circle?

A

Visual Fix

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2
Q

What is a triangle?

A

Electronic Fix

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3
Q

What is a square?

A

Estimated Position

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4
Q

What is a half moon?

A

Dead Reckoning

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5
Q

What is a circle w/ dot in the middle?

A

Visual reference without previous fix data.

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6
Q

Sailing Chart scale?

A

1:600,000

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7
Q

General Chart scale?

A

1:150,000 - 1:600,000

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8
Q

Coastal chart scale?

A

1:50,000 - 1:150,000

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9
Q

Harbor chart scale?

A

1:50,000 - larger

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10
Q

Degrees of latitude are always ___ miles apart?

A

60NM

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11
Q

Distance between degrees of LONGITUDE are __NM at the equator.

A

60, but less further north or south.

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12
Q

Water level depth is measured at?

A

Mean Low tide

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13
Q

What is standard map projection style?

A

Mercator projection

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14
Q

Gnomonic Projection used for?

A

Navigation on the great circle

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15
Q

Stereographic projection used for?

A

Navigation in polar regions

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16
Q

NOAA charts sounding datum?

A

Indicated as Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW)

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17
Q

Letter for center of mo board?

A

“e”

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18
Q

Mo board letter for “own ship” course and speed?

A

“er”

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19
Q

Contacts direction and speed on mo board?

A

DRM and SRM

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20
Q

Vector representing contacts true course and speed on mo board?

A

“em” = them

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21
Q

What is least accurate type of fix?

A

Radar fix

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22
Q

One degree equals?

A

60 NM

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23
Q

What is course?

A

Intended direction of travel

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24
Q

What is heading?

A

ACTUAL direction vessel is traveling.

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25
Q

What is dead reckoning?

A

Approximate position by advancing a previous position accounting for course and speed.

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26
Q

What defines a nautical mile?

A

Equal to 1 minute of latitude.

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27
Q

How many degrees of latitude?

A

0 degrees - 90 degrees North/South

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28
Q

How many degrees of longitude?

A

0 degrees - 180 degrees (East/ West)

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29
Q

60 minutes equals?

A

1 degree

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30
Q

Outermost circle on compass rose?

A

Oriented true north.

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31
Q

Innermost circle on compass rose?

A

Magnetic North.

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32
Q

Longitude is measured East/West of?

A

Prime Meridian (0-180 degrees)

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33
Q

Latitude is measured North or South of?

A

The equator (0-90 North/ South)

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34
Q

1 minute of latitude is?

A

1 NM

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35
Q

Title block section of a chart?

              “SAPSSD”
A

Seal
Area covered by chart
Projection
Scale
Sounding information
Datum information

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36
Q

Interval between radar pulses?

A

Pulse repetition frequency

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37
Q

How does radar differentiate between two vessels on same bearing but different ranges?

A

Range resolution

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38
Q

What type of radar return is caused by ocean waves?

A

Sea return

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39
Q

All definitions showing chart symbols and abbreviations are contained in?

A

Chart No. 1

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40
Q

1NM is equal to how many feet/yards?

A

6080FT/2000YDS

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41
Q

Formula to calculate time?

A

D÷S=T

42
Q

Formula to calculate speed?

A

D÷T=S

43
Q

Formula to calculate distance?

A

SxT=D

44
Q

X-Band Radar wavelength/Freq range?

A

3CM, 9300-9500Mhz

45
Q

S-Band Radar wavelength/Freq range?

A

10CM, 2900-3100Mhz

46
Q

The majority of marine radars operate within a range of?

A

400-4000 pulses per second

47
Q

RACONS respond to what type of radars?

A

3 and 10 CM radars

48
Q

Max range for RACON reception?

A

Limited by Line of Sight

49
Q

What IALA regime does U.S. use?

A

IALA B

50
Q

Topmost band of a cylindrical buoy is ALWAYS?

A

Green, when used as a lateral mark.

51
Q

What is the topmost band of a conical buoy when used as a lateral mark?

A

Red

52
Q

When returning from sea, a triangular shaped dayboard marks the?

A

Starboard side of the channel.

53
Q

When returning from sea, a square shaped dayboard marks?

A

Port side of the channel.

54
Q

Only ATON with green or red lights have?

A

Lateral significance.

55
Q

Green lights mark?

A

Port side of channels.

56
Q

Red lights mark?

A

Starboard side of channels.

57
Q

International chart scale?

A

1:350,000-1:10,000,000

58
Q

What are the 5 classifications of conventional nautical charts?

A

International, Sailing, General, Coastal, Harbor.

59
Q

Difference between true and magnetic North is called?

A

Variation.

60
Q

Soundings are measured as?

A

Feet, Fathoms, or Meters.

61
Q

Edition number of a chart located?

A

Lower left hand corner of chart.

62
Q

Slanted lettering on a chart is used to label?

A

Information affected by tidal changes/currents.

63
Q

Vertical lettering on a chart is used to describe?

A

Information NOT affected by tidal changes/current.

64
Q

What are the two types of electronic chart data?

A

Vector and Raster Charts.

65
Q

How many satellites make up the GPS system?

A

24 satellites.

66
Q

When there are only 2 LOP’s or ranges for a fix?

A

Quality of fix will be best when there is a 90 degree difference in the lines.

67
Q

An ideal fix has 3 or more LOP’s intersecting at a single point. The LOP’s have a separation of?

A

At LEAST 60, but not more than 120 degrees.

68
Q

Converting minutes into tenths of hours is done by?

A

Dividing minutes by 60.

69
Q

Converting tenths of hours into minutes is done by?

A

Multiplying by 60.

70
Q

CG Navigation Standards Manual requires that each fix be followed by a DR track of at least?

A

2 fix intervals.

71
Q

What does “RADAR” stand for?

A

Radio detection and Ranging.

72
Q

What is “wavelength” defined as?

A

Wavelength is the distance along the direction of propagation between successive crests or troughs.

73
Q

What is “amplitude” defined as?

A

The max displacement of the wave from its mean or zero value.

74
Q

What is “cycle” defined as?

A

A complete alternation or oscillation from one crest through a trough to the next crest.

75
Q

What is “diffraction” defined as?

A

Diffraction is the bending of a wave as it passes through an obstruction.

76
Q

What is “refraction” defined as?

A

Refraction is what affects the range at which objects are detected.

77
Q

The minimum range at which a target can be detected is largely determined by?

A

The pulse length.

78
Q

Because of the frequencies and power outputs required, the transmitter oscillator is a special type known as?

A

A Magnetron

79
Q

The Prime Meridian passes through which town?

A

Greenwich, England.

80
Q

Boat navigation is generally accomplished by plotting?

A

Rhumb lines on a Mercator chart.

81
Q

What are the three types of small craft charts?

A

Folio, Pocket fold, Recreational charts.

82
Q

The basic symbol for a buoy on a chart is?

A

Diamond and a small circle.

83
Q

Variation is considered easterly if the compass needle is?

A

Aligned eastward(right) of True North.

84
Q

Variation is considered westerly if the compass needle is?

A

Aligned westward(left) of True North.

85
Q

“Track” is defined as?

A

Course followed or intended by a vessel.

86
Q

“Set” is defined as?

A

The direction, expressed in degrees true, that the current is flowing.

87
Q

“Drift” is defined as?

A

Speed of the current, usually stated in knots.

88
Q

In COLREGS, what rule governs narrow channels?

A

Rule 9

89
Q

In COLREGS, what rule governs Traffic Separation Schemes?

A

Rule 10

90
Q

A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking another vessel from a direction of?

A

22.5 degrees abaft the beam.

91
Q

COLREGS Rule 13 governs?

A

Overtaking.

92
Q

In COLREGS, what does Rule 14 cover?

A

Head on situations

93
Q

In COLREGS, what does Rule 15 cover?

A

Crossing situations.

94
Q

In COLREGS, what does Rule 18 cover?

A

Responsibilities of vessels.

95
Q

In COLREGS, what does Rule 19 cover?

A

Vessels in restricted visibility.

96
Q

Sternlight is what in degrees?

A

135 degrees

97
Q

Sidelights are what in degrees?

A

112.5 degrees.

98
Q

A Masthead light is what in degrees?

A

225 degrees.

99
Q

Yellow buoys and beacons are called?

A

Special Marks.

100
Q

Mercator projection is also known as?

A

Cylindrical projection

101
Q

All NOAA charts use what for datum?

A

North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) or WGS 84

SWE (7 decks)

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