Naval Science 1 Flashcards
What does RICE stand for regarding first aid?
Rest, ice, compression, elevation
What is prevention of war by instilling fear in potential enemies?
Deterrence
What is the US first carrier-launched strike-fighter?
F/A-18 Hornet
What is the Navy’s all-weather, carrier-based, tactical-warning and control-system aircraft?
E-2C Hawkeye
What is the world’s first production tiltrotor aircraft?
V-22 Osprey
What fighter/attack aircraft was extensively used during Operation Desert Storm in 1991?
F/A-18 Hornet
What percentage of your body is water?
60-70
What does it mean for a food to be enriched or fortified?
Nutrients were added post-processing
What is the number one cause of death among 15- to 24-year-olds?
Drinking and driving
What is the ability to deal with others in a respectful manner?
Tact
What are the four leadership styles?
Telling, Selling, Participating, Delegating
What is the worst way to study?
Cramming
What is information placed at the outer edge of a map?
Marginal Information
What is a unit of measurement that is approximately 6,080 feet - which is one minute of latitude; it is slightly longer than a statute mile?
Nautical Mile
What are the four types of listening?
Passive, Active, Competitive, Reflective
What does OK4R mean as a studying method?
Overview, Key Ideas, Read, Recall, Reflect, Review
What does PQRST mean as a studying method?
Preview, Question, Read, State, Test
What is a persons typical way of thinking, behaving, or reacting?
Temperament
What are talents or skills you have or can develop with practice or training?
Aptitudes
What 1942 World War II battle marked a turning point in naval aviation when aircraft launched from carriers met in battle for the first time?
Battle of the Coral Sea
This influential Naval historian believed that sea power was the key to success in international politics.
Alfred Thayer Mahan
What decade began a new era in naval aviation with the introduction of nuclear power to aircraft carriers?
1960
What capability did the angled flight deck give aircraft carriers?
Launching and recovering aircraft at the same time
What was the name of the U.S. Navy’s first aircraft carrier?
USS Langley
What is the mission of the T-45 A Goshawk?
Trainer
What is the name of the Navy’s carrier-based antisubmarine aircraft?
S-3B Viking
What aircraft is an unmanned aerial vehicle whose mission includes surveillance, target-acquisition, and battle-damage assessment?
RQ-2A Pioneer
What general term is used for an armed naval vessel?
Man of war
The year the first naval JROTC programs began in is
1966
What document was the United States governed by in 1787?
Articles of Confederation
During the Constitutional Convention who was it that suggested a way to balance large and small states in Congress?
Roger Sherman
During what war did air power start to have significance?
WWII
Which Navy aircraft’s mission is to jam enemy radar?
F/A 18G Growler
Which article of the constitution provides for changing the constitution by amendment?
Article V
What is a twin engine cargo/passenger aircraft whose primary mission is carrier on board delivery?
C-2A Greyhound
Which of the following helicopters operates from carriers and other warships?
MH-53E Sea Dragon
When did the first JROTC program begin?
1917
Who is responsible for the maintenance and continued support of the NJROTC program?
The Secretary of the Navy
Where is the NJROTC program’s office?
Pensacola, FL
What is the role of the area manager?
Control NJROTC’s areas of operation and maintain the integrity of programs in their area through annual inspections
Under what command is the Coast Guard during times of war?
Under the Navy. Post 9/11, the Coast Guard was moved from Department of Transport to Department of Homeland Security.
Good leaders emerge from the ranks of able ______
followers
What is the display of the attitudes, behaviors, and actions that help a leader succeed at leading?
followership
What are the 4 traits of a leader?
Honest, competent, forward-looking, inspiring
What are the 4 traits of a follower?
Honest, competent, dependable, cooperative
An ________ follower has an active role in the unit, by seeking out responsibility, carrying out tasks in a responsible manner, and offers appropriate suggestions for improvement.
Effective
A ________ followers takes a negative approach to their job, always complaining or criticizing every idea/questioning every unit policy
Alienated
What are the two types of independent followers?
Effective and alienated
_____ followers simply go along with anything they are asked to do without thought
Dependent
What are the qualities of a good follower?
Loyalty, initiative, common sense, inteligence
_____ is how prepared a team memeber is to carry out a particular task(s)
readiness
What 3 facotrs determine readiness?
Ability, willingness, confidence
What are the four readiness levels?
Level 1 - unable and unwilling (not confident), Level 2 - unable but willing(not confident), Level 3 - able but unwilling (confident), Level 4 - able and willing (confident)
What is considered the most important trait in both followers and leaders?
Self- discipline
What are the 5 ways to build effective relationships with leaders?
Always help the leader succeed, understand the leader’s world, educate your leader, keep your leader informed, adapt to your leader’s style
What are the 6 ways to be an effective follower?
Be honest, don’t gripe, be proactive, make sound decisions, be enthusiastic, be versatile and flexible
How can you assess follower ability?
First, consider the task you will be assigning and its desired outcome. Then, decide which followers are best suited to handle that task by their knowledge, skill, and experience.
What happens to follower confidence over time?
It increases
What is the importance of follower readiness?
Understanding the readiness of followers is a key element of leadership
What type of leadership is based on the concept that there is no single best way to influence and lead people?
situational leadership
What is a leader’s engagement in supportive, two-way communicastion with their team members?
relationship behavior
What is the ability to understand; be aware of and sensitive to, the feelings, thoughts, and experiences of others?
empathy
What is leadership?
The art of influencing and directing people to accomplish the mission
What is management?
Supervising the use of resources to achieve team objectives
What is the main difference between leadership and management?
You lead people but manage things
What is relationship behavior?
orientation towards people; a leaders engagement in communication with their team
What is situational leadership?
A leadership style that says there is no signle best way to lead people, and that they change based on the environment
What is a leader’s involvement in defining the duties and responsibilities of an individual/group?
Task behavior
What type of leadership behavior focuses on the practial aspects of the team’s job/mission?
Task behavior
What are two primary orientations to leadership behavior?
Relationship and task behavior
What are the 4 styles of leadership?
Selling, Telling, Delegating, Participating
Describe the “participating” leadership style in terms of relationship and task orientation
High relationship oriented, low task oriented
Describe the “delegating” leadership style in terms of relationship and task orientation
Low relationship oriented, low task oriented
Describe the “selling” leadership style in terms of relationship and task orientation
High relationship oriented, high task oriented
Describe the “telling” leadership style in terms of relationship and task orientation
High relationship oriented, low task oriented
Describe the “participating” leadership style
Asking team members for ideas, listening, encouraging others to try out their ideas, sharing control and accountability
Describe the “delegating” leadership style
Setting task boundaries, letting others make their own decisions, providing help when asked, monitoring progress
Describe the “selling” leadership style
Supervising closely, following up, supporting progress, encouraging questions, explaining relationships between tasks and team goals
Describe the “telling” leadership style
directing others, surpervising them closely, following up to ensure completion of the task
What are the primary factors of leadership situations?
The mission, the people, the leadership style, and the environment.
What is the importance of personal apperance for a leader?
It displays pride in every detail
What are 6 leadership traits?
Integrity, Loyalty, Commitment, Energy, Decisiveness, and Selflessness
What are the 8 personal qualities of an effective leader?
Courage, responsibility, ability to set an example, self-discipline, confidence, a sense of humor, tact, common sense
An individual’s _________is constant, defines him/her as a leader and serves as the basis for decision and treatment of others.
character
What term is used to refer to a willingness to act?
Decisiveness
What term is used to refer to the sacrifice of personal needs and wants for a greater good?
Selflessness
NJROTC units with 151-299 cadets are organized into a __________.
Battalion
What is the inner force that drives people to act?
Motivation
What are Maslow’s Hierachy of Needs?
Physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, actualization
Describe each tier of Maslow’s Hierachy of Needs
Physiological: food, water, shelter Safety: personal and community security, Love/Belonging: family, community, group acceptance, Esteem: friendship and love, Actualization: personal fulfilment
What is self-actualization?
The need to feel that you have reached your full potential in life
What is an external aim to which one directs one’s efforts?
goal
How does one create a goal?
Ones motive helps form their goal
What are the two types of motivation?
Intrinsic and extrinsic
What are 5 common intrinsic motivations?
Affiliation, achievement, power, wisdom, security
What are 5 common extrinsic motivations?
Money, food, threats/fears, status/promotion, awards/recognition
What is an intrinsic motivation?
a drive people feel that is based on internal factors, factors that originate from/motivate you within your personality
What is an extrinsic motivation?
a force that drives people to act that is based on factors outside the individual
What is something that incities determination/action?
incentive
What is a negative approach to motivation?
punishment/disciplinary action
What is a positive approach to motivation?
find what motivates a person, and use that to get them to do a better job
What is an individual that helps others develop their talents and skills?
a mentor
What is a less experienced person who benefits froma mentor’s guidance and advice?
protege
How can a mentor better understand their protege?
Put aside preconceived ideas, be nonjudgemental, put themselves in the proteges shoes, be objective
What is the purpose of a mentor?
To advise, rather than change/reform the protege (be objective)
What is the key to an effective mentor-protege relationship?
creating trust between the two people
What is active listening?
Two way communication
What do active listening skills include?
Avoiding distraction, making good eye contact, letting the other person speak
What is leading by example?
Setting a good example that others should follow
What is leading by imitation?
Imitating leadership beahviors you admire in others
What is leading by consensus?
sharing the leadership load, getting team members to cooperate and pull their weight
How can you tell if you are an effective leader?
seek input/feedback from your leader, talk with team members, learn from your efforts, reflect on your own past experiences
How do Maslow’s needs influence ones flexibility?
Those who meet the needs at each level become more flexible and have more options.
How do Maslow’s needs motivate your own behavior?
Goals change your behavior so that you can meet that goal.
How do you become an active listener?
Repeat key ideas, ask questions related to the topic, test the accuracy of the speaker
What are some ways to assess your leadership style and effectiveness?
Lead by example, limitation, consensus and then evaluate your leadership behavior.
According to Abraham Maslow, why do most people fail to reach the point where the need for self-actualization is their main motivation?
They spend most of their time attempting to satisfy their lower level needs
Leaders must remember that people are usually motivated _________rather than __________.
individually, as a group
The best way to lead is by _________.
example
In evaluating their own leadership effectiveness, cadets should focus on questions about their teams’ ___________.
goals and obstacles
What is respect?
the attention, regard, and consideration given to people and their rights, belongings, and ideas
What must you do in order to be an effective leader in terms of respect?
you must earn the respect from the members of your group
What did the Founding Fathers state in the Declaration of Indepedence in regards to respect?
every human being has basic, inherent value and rights
What 3 unalienable rights to the Founding Fathers list in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness
People develop resepct for others when they feel that others respect their ______
personal dignity
What is personal dignity?
the internal strength that helps people feel connected, worthwhile, and valued
What is mutual respect?
a two-way relationship that develops between people or members of groups
This action will NOT help to create greater group effectiveness.
Making excuses for mistakes
An unfair judgment of an individual or group is known as ________.
Prejudice
term used to refer to unfair treatment of a particular group of people based on prejudice?
Discrimination
When people have a limited perception of people based on whether they are male or female, they are displaying ___________stereotyping.
gender
What question will help you decide if you are showing tolerance to others?
Is this the way I would like to be treated?”
What type of intolerance has caused numerous conflicts throughout history?
Religious
To increase the effectiveness of a group, members, should view differences as a ________________________
Strength
How can group leaders ensure team effectiveness as the members work toward accomplishing the goals?
Devise ways to measure results or movement toward results
To increase the effectiveness of the group, each member must be ________.
Accountable
Effective groups look for ________answers and solutions which can be used to measure their effectiveness.
Concrete
What can serve as a kind of glue to hold a group together?
mutual respect
Conflicts in ________involve the reasons that people do what they do, generally because of their different values.
Perspective
Since conflicts in perspective are often unsolvable, people must ________as best they can.
Compromise
If people disagree about the team’s goals and objectives, there is a conflict in _________.
Purposes
Problems regarding processes and procedures are classified as conflicts in ___________.
Practice
Operating procedures should be established before work begins, with the leader ensuring that they are _________.
supportive of the team’s objectives
Hiding the real motive for thoughts actions, or feelings by using reassuring but inaccurate explanations is known as ________.
Rationalization
When people falsely attribute their own unacceptable feelings, thoughts, or impulses to others, they are _________.
Projecting
The most effective way to handle conflict is by __________, or facing the problem head-on
Encountering
What is the substitution of a favorable trait or behavior for an undesirable one in order to present a better picture of oneself?
Compensation
What are the four main ways people handle conflict?
Retreating, standing still, detouring, encountering.
Which is the best way to handle problems?
Encountering
What are three causes of prejudice?
Fear, misunderstanding, and perceptions of history
What is diversity?
Variation or difference.
How can you tell if your team is working effectively?
When your team has a common goal and are able to communicate about their plan of actions
What term refers to something that can be but has not yet been developed?
Potential
What term is used to refer to the state of being fully grown or developed?
Maturity
What term is used to refer to what a person is inside as well as what he/she shows to others,and is comprised of such things as actions, opinions, and beliefs?
Personality
A person’s __________ is rooted in his/her thoughts, feelings, and beliefs, and largely determines how a person responds to a particular situation.
Attitude
Someone’s way of seeing the world is their ______
Perspective
A human being’s natural desire to feel like he/ she is part of a group is known as ___________ ____.
Affiliation need
What term is used to refer to behaviors that people use to deal with anxieties and stress?
Defense Mechanism
What term is used to refer to taking impulses on or transferring feelings about a a person or thing to a less threatening , more acceptable object?
Displacement
What term is used to refer to a refusal to acknowledge the existence of a problem or a painful reality?
Denial
A defense mechanism in which someone pushes disturbing thoughts from his/her conscious mind while the feelings continue at the subconcious level is known as __________.
Repression
What term is used to refer to the concealing of true motivations for one’s thoughts or actions by explaining them in a more reassuring way?
Rationalization
What term is used to refer to falsely attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings or impulses to another?
Projection
While emotions are spontaneous feelings, _________ are more a temporary state of mind or general feeling if some emotion.
Moods
Because expressing strong emotions is important, people should deal with them in constructive ways, such as having a sense of humor, engaging in physical activity, and ___________.
Talking with someone they trust
What was the theme of Thomas Anthony Harris “ 1969 book I’m OK, You’re OK?
People can change their attitude to feel better
According to Thomas Anthony Harris ‘ 1969 book, what phrase reflects the approval both of oneself and of others that a healthy, well- adjusted person feels?
I’m OK, you’re OK
When young people must decide between going along with the group and behaving in accordance with their values, their __________________ are tested.
Self-Knowledge and perspective
The mistakes people make in dealing with desires fortunately always have only ____ effects
short-term
Desire are things you want either for yourself or those you care for, while beliefs are strong and deeply held _____ that shape your thinking.
ideas
To learn from a mistake, a healthy, well- adjusted person will adjust his/her behavior and _________ ___ __ ______ __.
determine not to repeat it
Actions reveal a person’s _________ and cannot be separated from them.
attitudes
With proper planning and positive attitude, ____ will come your way, as in Thomas Jefferson’s statement, the harder he worked, the more of it he had.
luck
What is a learning curve?
time needed to perfect a task or reach a goal
What is the greatest danger of the constant use of defense mechanisms?
people fail to take responsibility for their actions and remain immature
In support of the power of positive thinking, Norman Vincent Peale wrote, “ How you _____ _____ _ _______ is more important than the problem itself.”
think about a problem
The way that people _________ their experiences is very influential on their lives and their ability to lead.
interpret
In the process of maturing, a person develops a ________ ________ and then uses it to meet life’s challenges.
positive attitude
What happens to a person’s decision- making skills as he/she matures?
they improve with the growing ability to interpret events and use experiences
________ positive things would happen is NOT considered a method of changing an attitude?
wishing
How does your perspective affect your life experiences?
Your perspective is your “take” on the world. It drives the way you interpret your life experiences
What shapes a person’s perspective?
Their attitude, personality, and behavior
How do a person’s perspective and affiliation need interact?
their perspective shapes how they interpret information and situations based on their desire to belong to a group
How do a person’s goals influence his or her actions?
They shape what a person does
What are five common defense mechanisms?
Displacement, Repression, Denial, Projection, Rationalization
What traits do successful leaders have?
Honest, competent, forward-looking, inspiring.
What traits do successful followers have?
Honest, competent, dependable, cooperative.
What is the first step to becoming a leader?
Learn to follow.
Good leaders often emerge from ___ ?
The ranks of able followers.
Who are considered the heart of an effective team?
Followers or ‘worker bees.’
Why are leader and follower traits similar?
Roles of leader and follower are closely related.
What is an effective follower?
Independent, responsible, supports unit goals.
What is an alienated follower?
Complains, criticizes ideas, questions policies.
What is followership?
Displaying attitudes, behaviors, and actions to help a leader succeed.
Followers who go along without their own thoughts are ___ ?
Dependent followers.
What 3 factors determine readiness?
Ability, willingness, confidence.
What are the 6 ways to be an effective follower?
Be honest, proactive, enthusiastic, versatile, flexible, don’t gripe, and make sound decisions.
What are the 4 levels of Readiness?
1: Unable and Unwilling, 2: Unable and Willing, 3: Able and Unwilling, 4: Able and Willing.
What are the 5 ways to build effective relationships with leaders?
Help the leader succeed, understand their world, keep the leader educated and informed, adapt to their style.
How should leaders determine follower abilities?
Consider the task and its outcome, and then decide which follower is best suited for that task based on skill.
What qualities do good followers demonstrate?
Loyalty, intelligence, initiative, and common sense.
What is the importance of follower readiness?
Understanding the readiness of followers is a key element of leadership
What is leadership?
The art of influencing and directing people.
What is management?
Supervising the use of resources to achieve objectives.
How should a leader tailor their approach?
Based on task, environment, and team readiness.
What is readiness in leadership?
Ability and willingness to accomplish a task
What is situational leadership?
Leadership based on team abilities and motivation with no single best way to lead.
What are the two orientations in situational leadership?
Relationship orientation and task orientation
What is another name for orientation toward people?
Relationship behavior
What behaviors are included in relationship behavior?
Listening, praising, collaborating, counseling
What is task behavior in leadership?
Defining duties and responsibilities for a group.
What do task behaviors include?
Directing what, how, and when tasks are done.
Why should task and relationship behavior go hand in hand?
To balance team satisfaction and productivity.
How are task and relationship behaviors described?
Distinct but complementary leadership behaviors.
What are the 4 types of leadership?
Selling, Telling, Delegating, Participating
Describe the selling” style of leadership in terms of relationship and task orientation
High relationship oriented, high task oriented
Describe the “telling” style of leadership in terms of relationship and task orientation
High relationship oriented, low task oriented
Describe the “delegating” style of leadership in terms of relationship and task orientation
Low relationship oriented, low task oriented
Describe the “participating” style of leadership in terms of relationship and task orientation
High relationship oriented, low task oriented
Describe the “selling” style of leadership
Supervising closely, following up, supporting progress, encouraging questions, explaining relationships between tasks and team goals
Describe the “telling” style of leadership
Directing others, surpervising them closely, following up to ensure completion of the task
Describe the “delegating” style of leadership
Setting task boundaries, letting others make their own decisions, providing help when asked, monitoring progress
Describe the “participating” style of leadership
Asking team members for ideas, listening, encouraging others to try out their ideas, sharing control and accountability
Why is personal appearance important for leaders?
It shows pride in every detail.
What is the ability to deal with others in a respectful manner?
Tact
Why should leaders have a sense of humor?
It can ease tennsions and restore morale
Why should leaders have courage?
So they can be confident in their descisions and be willing to make tough decisions.
___ is the willingness to be accountable for your actions.
Responsibility
What are 6 leadership traits?
Integrity, Loyalty, Commitment, Energy, Decisiveness, and Selflessness
What factors affect leadership situations?
The mission, the people, the leadership style, and the environment.
What is a basic requirement for effective leadership?
Understanding of human behavior
What question do people subconsciously consider daily?
“What’s in it for me?”
What are the basic human needs?
Food, water, safety, respect and acceptance
What do human motivation theories describe?
Series of steps or levels
What is motivation?
The inner force that drives people to act
Who proposed the hierarchy of human needs?
Psychologist Abraham Maslow
What are the first level needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
Physical needs—food, water, shelter
What needs come after physical needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
Safety and security needs
What needs are included in the belonging category of Maslow’s hierarchy?
Family, community, group acceptance
What needs are categorized under esteem in Maslow’s hierarchy?
Friendship and love
What is the final level of needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
Self-actualization needs
What must people do before moving to the next level in Maslow’s hierarchy?
Satisfy needs at each succeeding level
What are the most basic human needs?
Survival needs.
What follows after survival needs are met?
Security needs
What are belonging needs?
Need to be liked and accepted by family, friends, community
What do esteem needs relate to?
Desire to feel important
What are the two types of esteem needs?
Self-esteem and feeling valued by others
What is the highest need in Maslow’s hierarchy?
Self-actualization or personal fulfillment
What is self-actualization?
Need to feel you’ve reached full potential
Why do few people reach self-actualization?
Most spend time satisfying lower-level needs
What is the cycle of goal-directed activity?
Motive forms a goal, behavior directed toward goal
What are the two main types of motivation?
Internal (intrinsic) and external (extrinsic).
What originates from within and includes goals and beliefs?
Intrinsic motivation.
What drives extrinsic motivation?
Factors outside the individual.
What are 5 common intrinsic motivations?
Affiliation, achievement, power, wisdom, security
What are 5 common extrinsic motivations?
Money, food, threats/fears, status/promotion, awards/recognition
What is a negative approach to motivation?
punishment or disciplinary action.
What is a positive approach to motivation?
determine how to motivate a person.
How does meeting needs at each level affect a person?
They become more flexible and have more options
What is leading by example?
Setting a good example that others should follow
What is leading by imitation?
Imitating leadership beahviors you admire in others
What is leading by consensus?
sharing the leadership load, getting team members to cooperate and pull their weight
What are the four main ways people handle conflict?
Retreating, standing still, detouring, encountering
What does retreating involve in conflict handling?
Blocking or moving away from a problem
What is the foundation of our civilized culture?
Respect for others
What does respect mean in terms of differences?
What does respect mean in terms of differences?
How is respect earned?
Through your words and deeds
What must a leader do to be effective?
Earn respect from group members
What is mutual respect?
A two-way relationship based on communication and trust
What must citizens do regarding the rights of others?
Respect and acknowledge their value
What makes relationships run smoothly?
Mutual respect
Why might someone retreat after loss?
Fear of future loss, rejection, or loneliness
What is standing still in conflict handling?
Avoiding conflict using defense mechanisms
What are some defense mechanisms of standing still?
Rationalization, projection, daydreaming
What is detouring in conflict handling?
Avoiding a problem by moving around it
What is personal dignity?
The internal strength that helps people feel connected, worthwhile, and valued.
What is compensation in psychology?
Substituting traits to view oneself positively.
What is encountering in conflict resolution?
Facing a conflict head-on to reach a solution.
What is rationalization?
Concealing true motivation with incorrect explanations.
What is projection?
Falsely attributing own feelings to others.
What are the three possible outcomes in any conflict?
Win–lose, Lose–lose, Win–win
How can most conflicts be resolved with both sides winning?
Through communication, compromise, and common sense
What is one of a leader’s most challenging tasks?
Building positive relationships with others
What does tolerance mean?
Understanding and standing up for differences.
What are barriers to tolerance?
Prejudice, discrimination, lack of diversity value.
What does prejudice mean?
Judging ahead of time.
How should one respond to a prejudiced statement?
Think logically to overcome prejudice.
What are three causes of prejudice?
Fear, misunderstanding, and perceptions of history
What is diversity?
Variation or difference.
What is the best way to handle problems?
Encountering
Which respected individuals speak about early life experiences shaping their future?
Colin Powell, John McCain, Meryl Streep
What does attaining maturity mean?
Becoming aware of abilities, goals, and place.
What is an important step in creating a beneficial attitude?
Understanding attitude and personality differences.
How does experience affect your personality?
Experience shapes personality, foundation of attitudes.
What is an attitude rooted in?
Thoughts, feelings, or beliefs.
What is a behavior?
An observable action based on personality and attitude.
What do actions reveal?
Attitudes
What is the effect of an achievement-focused attitude?
It leads to better results.
What does winning motivate people to do?
Push themselves harder.
What term refers to something that can develop?
Potential
What state does the term maturity refer to?
Being fully grown/developed
What term is used to refer to what a person shows through actions, opinions, and beleifs?
Personality
A persons attitude is rooted in their ___ ?
Thoughts, feelings, or beliefs.
The way someone sees the world is their ___ ?
Perspective
What term refers to behaviors used to deal with anxiety?
Defense mechanism
What term is used to refer to taking impulses on or transferring feelings about a a person or thing to a less threatening/more acceptable object?
Displacement
What are five common defense mechanisms?
Displacement, Repression, Denial, Projection, Rationalization, and Acting Out.
How do peoples goals influence their actions?
They shape what a person does
What shapes perspective?
attitude, personality, and behavior
What behavior is not considered a method of changing an attitude?
wishing positive things would happen and not taking action
According to Thomas Anthony Harris ‘ 1969 book, which attitude reflects the approval both of oneself and of others?
I’m OK, you’re OK
What was the theme of Thomas Anthony Harris “ 1969 book I’m OK, You’re OK?
People can change their attitude to feel and act better
What is projection?
Falsely attributing own feelings to others.
What is rationalization?
Concealing true motivation with incorrect explanations.
What is Denial?
The refusal to accept the existence of a problem or painful reality
What is a citizen’s allegiance?
A tie of loyalty to a country.
What does a country owe its citizens?
Protection.
What is one purpose of the NJROTC program in relation to citizenship?
To develop informed, responsible citizens.
Who rules in a dictatorship?
One person.
Where does government power derive in a democracy?
From the people.
What are laws in simplest terms?
Agreements by which people live.
What are the three ways of becoming an American citizen?
By birth, naturalization, and by act of congress.
What did the Decleration of independence officially do?
The Decleration of independece cut the 13 colonies’ political ties from Britain
What were the Articles of the Confederation?
The United States first attempt at a structure for government
What three unalienable rights were listed in the Preamble of Decleration of Independence?
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
What did the preamble to the decleration of independence renounce?
The divine right of kings
When was the Declaration of Independence signed?
August 2nd 1776
When was the Declaration of Independence adopted by congress?
July 4th 1776
Who drafted the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
How many parts does the Declaration of Independence have?
Five parts
What are the 5 parts of the Decleration of independence
Introduction, Preamble, Indictment, Denunciation, Conclusion
What does the preamble of the Constitution state?
It states the intentions for forming the republic.
What is detailed in Article I of the Constitution?
It details Congress’s duties and membership requirements.
What powers does Section 8 of Article I grant Congress?
Declare war, support armies, maintain a navy.
What does Article II of the Constitution describe?
It describes the president’s powers and election process.
Who is the commander in chief according to Article II, Section 2?
The president is the commander in chief.
What does Article III of the Constitution cover?
It covers the judicial branch and federal courts.
What powers does Article I of the Constitution give Congress?
Declare war, raise armies, maintain navy
To whom do military officers swear an oath?
The United States Constitution
What is Congress’s role in military funding?
Appropriating funds for defense
What role does the president play in the military?
Commander in chief, directs military actions
