Nausea & Labyrinths disorders Flashcards
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ONLY NEED TO KNOW DRUGS AND SAFETY ADVICE NO EXTRA STUFF IE SYMPTOMS for exam.
Safety advice
Domperidone - Risk of Cardiac AEs MAX duration no > 7 days
Metoclopramide: Risk of Neurological AEs. only short term use up to 5 days
Promethazine - AVOID Children<6yrs
Pregnancy suitable Antiemetics
1st line is self care. (rest, oral rehydration, Diet change)
2. Ginger (mild/moderate)
Pharmacological
Chlorpromazine
Cyclizine
Metoclopramide
Prochlorperazine
Promethazine
Ondansetron
Hyper emesis:
Regular antiemetics
IV fluid & Electrolyte replacement
Thiamine to reduce risk of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Motion sickness (EXAM Q)
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Give Antiemetic to prevent:
- Hyoscine hydrobromide
- Promethazine (Sedating) ALT non Sedating Cyclizine/Cinnarizine
AVOID Domperidone, 5HT3 antagonist, Metoclopramide, Phenothiazines (except promethazine)
Post OP NV
Normally combo of 2/+ of:
5HT3 antagonist - Ondansetron
Dexamethasone
Droperidol & Haloperidol
Prochlorperazine
Cyclizine
Meniere disease
Betahistine
Antihistamine
Prochlorperazine
Some drugs and there uses
Antiemetics only used when cause of vomiting is known.
- Can be dangerous to use them if the cause can be treated without them
Antihistamines (cyclizine, promethazine cinnarizine) are effective for N/V for many underlying conditions. Good for vertigo/Motion sickness
Phenothiazines [Antihistamines/psychotics] (Chlorpromazine, Prochlorperazine etc) - Dopamine antagonists - Block CTZ. severe dystonic reaction can happen in kids.
- Prochlorperazine - Chemo/Radiation induced N/V. This drug less sedating buccal used in severe cases.
- Levopromazine/Haloperidol - N/V in terminal illness
- Metoclopramide - works on GI tract
- Domperidone - CTZ. Low doses possible use in PD.
- 5HT3 antagonist (Granisetron/Ondansetron) N/V after cytotoxics (chemo) & Post OP
- Dexamethasone - Vomiting in chemo NV alone/with 5HT3 antagonist
- Aprepitant - NV with chemo used with dexa + 5HT3 -ve
- Nabilone - Cannabinoid add om for chemo NV