Nature Vs Nurture

Question 1

What is the meaning of nurture?

Answer 1

D: mind is regarded as a ‘tabula rasa’, experience and leaning from environment
I: easily changed through manipulating social environment
A: behaviourism
M: field experiment

Question 2

Nature studies?

Answer 2

• Freud= ID, ego, superego
• Maguire= hippocampi caused memory
• Bruner= mutation in X-chromosome caused aggression
• Wender= genetics as a cause of depression

Question 3

Nurture studies?

Answer 3

• Bandura= aggressive behaviour modelled by others
• Watt= adherence improved due to associations
• Pavlov= dog taught to associate bell with salivation
• Y&S= 23 had head injuries
• Akers (Sutherland)= peers+family influence on crime
• Farrington= crime caused by decisions made at a young age

Question 4

What is the meaning of nature?

Answer 4

D: genetics determine behaviour, external factors have no influence
I: behaviour can only be changed through physical means
A: biological
M: lab

Question 5

What is the word for when you take both nature and nurture into account?

Answer 5

Ontogenic

Question 6

Pros and cons of nature?

Answer 6

PROs:
•lab experiments= control of extraneous variables
•can be useful in explaining biological differences between those, esp. related

CONs:
•lab= low eco validity
•ignores external variables e.g upbringing

Question 7

Pros and cons of nurture?

Answer 7

PROs:
•field= high eco validity
•can be useful in finding the cause of behaviour and preventative measures

CONs:
•field= lower control of ext. variables
•can be hard to measure as individual differences