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POLGOV 2ND QUARTER > Nature of Philippine Elections > Flashcards

Nature of Philippine Elections Flashcards

1
Q

The right and obligation to vote of qualified citizens

A

Suffrage

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2
Q

Suffrage pertains to what article in the Philippine constitution?

A

Article V

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3
Q

The 2 Natures of Suffrage

A
  1. Suffrage is a mere privilege
  2. Suffrage is a political right
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4
Q

True or False: Suffrage is a natural right.

A

False

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5
Q

Suffrage is to be given withheld by the lawmaking power to subject to constitutional limitations. What nature of suffrage is this referring to?

A

Suffrage is a mere privilege.

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6
Q

Suffrage should be granted to individuals only upon their fulfillment of certain minimum conditions. What nature of suffrage is this referring to?

A

Suffrage is a mere privilege.

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7
Q

Suffrage enables every citizen to participate in the process of government to assure that it powers from the consent of the governed. What nature of suffrage is this referring to?

A

Suffrage is a political right.

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8
Q

True or False: The principle of suffrage is one man, many votes.

A

False, one man, one vote

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9
Q

The Scope of Suffrage

A
  1. Election
  2. Plebiscite
  3. Referendum
  4. Initiative
  5. Recall
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10
Q

It is a mechanism embodied in the Constitution for the creation of responsive and accountable local government structure.

A

Recall

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11
Q

It is the process of removing any elective provincial, city, municipal, or barangay official by the registered voters of the local government unit concerned for loss of confidence.

A

Recall

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12
Q

Recall Process

A
  1. Citizens must initiate a petition drive.
  2. They must collect a required number of signatures based on local laws or regulations.
  3. If the petition is successful, a recall election is held.
  4. Voters will decide whether the official should be removed from office.
  5. If the recall is successful, the elected official is removed.
  6. A replacement may be chosen through a separate election.
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13
Q

The method by which a public officer may be removed from office during his tenure of before the expiration of his term by a vote of the people.

A

Recall

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14
Q

Method by which votes of the people are accumulated through registration of a petition signed by a required percentage of qualified voters.

A

Recall

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15
Q

Process of Initiative

A
  1. Citizens draft a proposed law or constitutional amendment.
  2. Citizens initiate a petition drive to gather the required number of signatures as specified by law.
  3. Election authorities verify the signatures to ensure they meet the necessary criteria.
  4. If the petition is successful, the proposed law or CA is either submitted to the legislative body for consideration or included in a ballot for a direct vote by the citizens.
  5. Citizens vote to accept or reject the proposed law or amendment.
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16
Q

Who provides for the implementation of the exercise of the right of initiative?

A

The Congress

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17
Q

Criteria for Initiative on the constitution

A
  • 12% of voters nationwide
  • 3% of voters in every legislative district
  • Can only be done five years after the ratification of the 1987 Constitution, and once every 5 years thereafter
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18
Q

3 Systems of Initiative

A
  1. Initiative on the Constitution
  2. Initiative on Statutes
  3. Initiative on Local Legislation
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19
Q

Initiative allowing a petition proposing amendments to the constitution

A

Initiative on the Constitution

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20
Q

Initiative allowing proposals for enactment of a national legislation

A

Initiative on statutes

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21
Q

Initiative covering ordinances and resolutions from the regional to barangay levels

A

Initiative on local legislation

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22
Q

The process whereby the people directly propose and enact laws.

A

Initiative

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23
Q

True or False: The Congress is mandated by the Constitution to provide as early as possible for a system of initiative and referendum.

A

True

24
Q

Criteria for initiative on statutes

A
  • 10% of voters nationwide
  • 3% of votes in every legislative district
25
Q

Criteria for initiative on local laws

A
  • 10% of voters in a local government
  • 3% of voters in every legislative district
  • Shall not be exercised more than once a year

If a province or city is composed of one legislative district, 3% in every municipality
If in a municipality, 3% of every barangay
If in a barangay, 10% of voters

26
Q

The power of the electorate to approve or reject a legislation through an election called for the purpose

A

Referendum

27
Q

The submission of a law or part thereof passed by the national or local legislative body to the voting citizens of the country for their ratification or rejection

A

Referendum

28
Q

A referendum is mandated for 2 instances, which are?

A
  1. Adoption of a new country name, seal, or national anthem
  2. Allowing foreign military troops in the Philippines if required by the Congress
29
Q

Process of Referendum

A
  1. A CA or law is proposed by the government, congress, or citizen petition.
  2. The legislation will specify details of the referendum, e.g., wording of the question and voting procedures.
  3. The government or relevant authorities conduct voter education campaigns.
  4. On the day of voting, voters will cast votes either accepting or rejecting the proposal.
30
Q

Criteria for referendum

A
  • 10% of registered voters
  • 3% within every legislative district for local initiatives
  • If there is only one legislative district, 3% within each municipality or barangay
  • For barangay initatives, 10% of registered voters
31
Q

Criteria for plebiscites

A
  • 12% of registered voters
  • 3% within every legislative district
32
Q

True or False: The Supreme Court declared the Initiative and Referendum Act procedures as fatally defective.

A

True

33
Q

The name given to a vote of the people expressing their choice for or against a proposed law or enactment submitted to them.

A

Plebiscite

34
Q

The electoral process by which an initiative on the Constitution is approved or rejected by the people

A

Plebiscite

35
Q

Plebiscite is mandated for the following cases:

A
  1. Creation, division, merger, abolishment, or major boundary changes of a province, city, municipality, or barangay
  2. Creation of special metropolitan political subdivisions
  3. Creation of autonomous regions
  4. Approval of an amendment or revision to the constitution
36
Q

The means by which people choose officials or political figures they trust can lead for definite and fixed periods of time

A

Election

37
Q

Two Kinds of Election

A
  1. Regular Election
  2. Special Election
38
Q

A type of election conducted nationwide or locally, normally through balloting

A

Regular Election

39
Q

A type of election wherein officials will succeed incumbents after their full terms have ended

A

Regular Election

40
Q

Conducted to select an official who will serve for the unexpired part of the term of the incumbent

A

Special Election

41
Q

Conducted when an incumbent dies, is incapacitated, or is recalled

A

Special Election

42
Q

True or False: Both regular and special elections are held through balloting.

A

True

43
Q

How do citizens exercise their right of suffrage?

A

By participating and voting in the elections

44
Q

Basic Characteristics of Elections

A
  1. They are political exercises
  2. They select officials who shall serve for a definite term or specific periods of time
  3. They provide the means for the expression of the popular will
  4. The decision of the voters in fair, free, and honest elections cannot be questioned.
45
Q

The date for regular elections of the President, VP, Senators, HOR members, and local officials

A

The second Monday of May

46
Q

True or False: Presidential elections are held every seven years.

A

False, six

47
Q

True or False: Senate elections are held every two years.

A

False, three years

48
Q

VOTERS’ QUALIFICATIONS

A
  1. A male or female citizen of the Philippines
  2. Not otherwise disqualified by law
  3. At least 18 years of age
  4. For foreigners, have resided in the Philippines for at least 1 year and in the place wherein they wish to vote for at least 6 months preceding the election
49
Q

Who are the people disqualified to vote?

A
  1. Those who have been sentenced to imprisonment of not less than 1 year
  2. Those found guilty of committing a crime involving disloyalty to the state
  3. Those found to be in severe mental conditions
50
Q

True or False: The Congress is mandated to provide a system of absentee voting for qualified Filipinos abroad.

A

True

51
Q

This is done to provide safeguards to ensure that elections overseas are held in a free, dear, and orderly manner.

A

Absentee Voting

52
Q

The act of voting abroad

A

Absentee Voting

53
Q

True or False: Filipinos abroad are still affected by the quality of public officials and government policies.

A

True

54
Q

True or False: Filipinos abroad are still liable to pay taxes and are subject to Philippine law.

A

True

55
Q

True or False: Filipinos abroad are no longer granted the constitutional right to vote.

A

False

56
Q

Who conducts the elections?

A

Commission on Elections

57
Q

Where are the powers and functions of the COMELEC conferred upon?

A

The 1987 Constitution and the omnibus election code

POLGOV 2ND QUARTER (4 decks)

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