Nature Of Matter

Question 1

define matter

Answer 1

anything that occupies space, possesses mass and can be felt by one or more of our senses

Question 2

based on physical states, matter can be classified as

Answer 2

solid, liquid, gas

Question 3

why do solids retain a fixed volume and shape

Answer 3

constituent particles of matter are held close to each other or tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern and do not have much freedom to move or not easily compressible

Question 4

why do liquids retain a definite volume but not a definite shape

Answer 4

constituent particles are close together with no regular arrangement and occupy the shape of the container in which they are kept in
their particles can move and are not easily compressible due to little free space but flow easily

Question 5

why do gases don’t retain a definite volume or a shape

Answer 5

constituent particles are far apart with no regular arrangement and occupy the shape and volume of its container
they can move around and flow easily and are compressible

Question 6

on applying pressure at a particular temperature gases can be liquefied, where is this principle applied

Answer 6

to compress natural gas and petroleum gas which are available for our uses as CNG and LPG

Question 7

at macroscopic or bulk level, matter is classified into

Answer 7

mixtures and pure substances

Question 8

what is a mixture

Answer 8

made up of two or more substances called its components and possess variable composition

Question 9

mixtures are divided into

Answer 9

homogeneous and heterogeneous

Question 10

homogeneous mixtures definition

Answer 10

same composition throughout

Question 11

homogeneous mixtures are also called

Answer 11

solutions

Question 12

homogeneous mixtures examples

Answer 12

salt solution
sugar solution
air gasoline
brass

Question 13

heterogeneous mixtures definition

Answer 13

don’t have a uniform composition and sometimes different components can be observed with naked eyes or with microscope

Question 14

heterogeneous mixture examples

Answer 14

mixture of sugar and salt
grains and pulses along with stones
milk
sand and iron fillings
sand and water
mud

Question 15

milk is homogeneous or heterogeneous
why

Answer 15

heterogeneous
it appears homogeneous to naked eyes but by physical methods like configuration or churning of components like cream can be separated

Question 16

components of mixture can be separated by physical methods like

Answer 16

filtration
crystallization
sublimation
extraction
distillation
chromatography
magnetic separation
simple hand picking

Question 17

pure substances definition

Answer 17

fixed compostion and constituents cannot be separated by simple physical methods
properties do not vary

Question 18

pure subtances are divided into

Answer 18

elements and compounds

Question 19

glucose is a mixture or pure substance

Answer 19

pure substance

Question 20

h20 hydrogen and oxygen ratio of fixed percentage by mass

Answer 20

1:8

Question 21

c02 carbon and oxygen ratio of fixed percentage by mass

Answer 21

3:8

Question 22

properties of a compound are different from its constituent elements
explain with example

Answer 22

hydrogen is a combustible subtance which burns with a pop sound and oxygen is a supporter of combustion
but water is neither combustible nor a supporter of combustion, it is used as a fire extinguisher
also, hydrogen and oxygen are gases but water is liquid

Question 23

iron disulphide formula and also called as

Answer 23

FeS2, also called as iron pyrite

Question 24

constituents of compounds can be separated by

Answer 24

chemical methods or electricity
ex, magnesium chloride