nature of disease and purpose of therapy Flashcards
are health and disease hard to define
yes
why are health and disease hard to define
environment and society
health is continuous
health
state of complete mental , physical and social well-being and not just the mere absence of
sickness or infirmity
age, culture and personal responsibility also play a part
disease
a condition that interferes or alters the normal state of the organisms usually characterised by the abnormal functioning of one or more of the hosts systems, parts or organs.
naturalistic view
A condition which alters or interferes with the normal state of an organism and is usually characterised by the abnormal functioning of one or more of the host’s systems, parts or organs
normative view
any condition that an individual or society find harmful
disease definition 2
States of affairs are called diseases when they are due to physiological or psychological processes that typically causes states of disability, pain or deformity and are generally held to be below acceptable physiological or psychological norms
disease definition 3
deviation from normality, cause signs and symptoms
three factors of diseases
DISVALUE (NORMATIVE VIEW)
PHENOMENOLOGY (NATURALISTIC VIEW)
AETIOLOGY (CAUSE)
aim of therapeutic intervention
is to limit the effect of disvalue
disvalue => mobility
the presence of symptoms
disvalue => prognosis
likelihood of increased mobility or premature death
lifestyle drug
those medications taken solely to increase personal life quality and to attain a current psychosocial beauty ideal, without a medical need for treatment
what is the most common drug target
receptors
what are receptors
proteins sitting in plasma
why is it hard to get drugs into cells
very lipophilic hard to get drug through cell membrane
order of drug action (gene to population)
gene
protein - most drugs start here
cell
tissue
physiological system
individual
family
society
drug likeness
the physiochemical properties of a new chemical entity can help determine if it will be a good drug
criteria of good drug likeness
liberation
absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion
toxicity
is the degree to which a substance can damage an organism
how can toxicity manifest
side effect
adverse reaction
death
how may toxicity occur
with overdose of a medication accumulation of the drug in the body , inability of the body to eliminate the drug
properties of an ideal drug
produced the desired effect
easy to administrate
minimal dose and frequency
minimal side effects
timely elimination
ease to source
inexpensive to manufacture
stable
