Nature, Nurture and the genome

Question 1

What are some features of predominantly genetic diseases?

Answer 1

Rare, simple genetics, unifactorial, high recurrence rate within families

Question 2

What are some features of mostly-environmental human diseases?

Answer 2

Common, with complex genetics, multifactorial, and low recurrence rate within families

Question 3

What are some tools used to gain evidence about heritability (4)

Answer 3

Familial risk, twin studies, adoption studies, and population & migration studies

Question 4

What is polygenic inheritance?

Answer 4

The inheritance and expression of a phenotype being determined by many genes at different loci. Each allele has a small addative effect

Question 5

What are multifactorial disorders?

Answer 5

Diseases which need the interaction of environmental and genetic factors to become manifest.

Question 6

Define penetrance

Answer 6

Chance a genotype results in associated phenotype

Question 7

What are mendel’s two laws?

Answer 7

Law of segregation: Members of each pair of genes seperate when gametes form
Law of independent assortment: 2+ gene pairs are segregated independently (a bit wrong)

Question 8

What breaks the law of independent assortment?

Answer 8

Gene linkage

Question 9

What is homologous recombination also known as?

Answer 9

Crossing over