natural selection test review

Question 1

what do favorable adaptations do?

Answer 1

increase the animal’s chances of survival/reproduction

Question 2

an animal living in the arctic, where there is typically lots of snow and cold weather, would need specific adaptations. what might these adaptations be?

Answer 2

thick fur/blubber, and white coloring.

Question 3

how does phenotypic variation lead to adaptations?

Answer 3

individuals well-suited to their environment with many traits can survive better because they have a better chance of overcoming any struggles

Question 4

what adaptation is this? a woodpecker’s sharp beak is used to peck a tree for bark

Answer 4

structural, because it deals with the physical appearance of the animal

Question 5

venom, ink, and sprays could be considered what type of adaptation?

Answer 5

physiological/behavioral because it is something the animal does.

Question 6

what is artificial selection?

Answer 6

humans decide what favorable traits they want and pick parents to breed

Question 7

what is natural selection?

Answer 7

nature decides what traits are good or not

Question 8

what are factors darwin found that affect natural selection?

Answer 8

overpopulation, variation, & competition

Question 9

how does natural selection lead to evolution?

Answer 9

helpful variations accumulate among surviving members of a species.

Question 10

what supports the idea that evolution can be seen by the fossil record?

Answer 10

older fossils in farther down rock layers compared to newer fossils in newer rock layers can show the differences between modern and ancient animals.

Question 11

the breeding of horses for speed is an example of what type of selection?

Answer 11

artificial, since humans decide which parents will create speedy baby horses