Natural Selection Flashcards
T/F: natural selection is the only process that produces adaptive changes
True
The more extreme a trait is on one side of the spectrum, the higher the fitness is an example of
Directional selection
An intermediate value between two extremes of a trait is more fit is an example of
Stabilizing selection
Extreme phenotype on either end of the spectrum is the most fit would be an example of
Disruptive selection
How would directional selection be graphed in comparison to a normal distribution?
Shifted over either left or right
How would disruptive selection be graphed in comparison to a normal distribution?
Would have a dip in the middle and two peaks on either side of the normal distribution
How would stabilizing selection be graphed in comparison to normal distribution?
It would be steeper
Ancient dogs were bred for _______ to tame them
juvenilization
The juvenization of dogs affected traits like face licking, fawning, barking, skull proportions, which is an example of :
pleiotropy
Breeding foxes for tameness led to ______ foxes that could follow human cues
smarter
How can natural selection sometimes cause a non adaptive change (indirectly)?
Pleiotropy
Natural selection does not lead to optimal design, therefore all trails of organisms are _______ that reflect _______ ______ and imperfect solutions
compromises, historical constraints
In humans, chronic lower back pain, knee joint stress, and maxillary sinus openings are examples of
historical constraints, disadvantages of bipedalism
The looping of the vas deferens in males is an example of _______
retrofitting ancestral arrangement
