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Geo > Natural Resources Test > Flashcards

Natural Resources Test Flashcards

1
Q

Define natural resources

A

Material or substances that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain
Ex water, minerals, animals

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2
Q

What are examples of natural resources

A

Forests, water, minerals, animals

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3
Q

Define raw materials

A

The basic material from which a product is made

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4
Q

What are examples of raw materials

A

Wood from a tree is turned into timber and then into furniture

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5
Q

List all four cutting techniques

A

Clear cutting
Strip cutting
Shelter wood
Single tree selection

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6
Q

What are the two categories of resources

A

Non renewable and renewable

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7
Q

Define renewable resource

A

Those that are constantly available or can be reasonably replaced or recovered

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8
Q

Define non renewable resource

A

Those that cannot be be easily replaced once they are destroyed

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9
Q

What is an example of a renewable resource

A

Plants, animals, and water

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10
Q

What is an example of a non renewable resource

A

Fossil fuels and minerals

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11
Q

Define natural threat

A

Damage to the forests but not man made

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12
Q

What are the different types of natural threats

A

Disease, forest fire , insect infestation

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13
Q

What is forest infestation

A

A forest being. Invaded by pests or parasites

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14
Q

What percentage of the Canadian territory is forested

A

45%

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15
Q

What ecozone contains most of the Canadian forests

A

Canadian shield

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16
Q

Define minerals

A

A naturally occurring, pure, non living substance found in the rocks of the earth

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17
Q

Which ecozone are you most likely to find metallic minerals

A

Canadian Shield

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18
Q

What ecozone are you most likely to find fossil fuels and industrial minerals in

A

Interior platform

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19
Q

What are the three categories of minerals

A

Metallic minerals
Industrial minerals
Fossil fuels

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20
Q

Provide an example for each type of mineral

A

Metallic : iron, silver
Industrial : gravel, diamond
Fossil fuels : oil, gas, coal

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21
Q

Define metallic mineral

A

Minerals that when refined, yield various forms of metal

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22
Q

List two uses of metallic minerals

A

Manufacturing and transportation (building the car)

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23
Q

Define fossil fuels

A

A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms

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24
Q

What are fossil fuels used for

A

Primarily used for energy

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25
Q

Define industrial minerals

A

All things mined which re neither metallic minerals nor fossil fuels

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26
Q

List the uses of industrial minerals

A

Construction and building of electronics

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27
Q

Where is potash concentrated

A

Saskatchewan

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28
Q

Define the process of mining

A

Process of obtaining minerals from the ground

29
Q

What are tailings? How are they formed

A

the materials left over after the process of separating ore from the material it is found in.

30
Q

Where does Canada rank in global mineral production

A

Third

31
Q

Where does Canada tank in global mineral exportation? Why ?

A

First

32
Q

What did the Trudeau government promos last year

A

announced its plan to eliminate the use of traditional coal fired electricity in Canada by 2030.

33
Q

Define overburden

A

the material which lies above a mineral deposit, such as rock, soil, and trees.

34
Q

List the three types of mining

A
  • Strip Mining
  • Open Pit Mining
  • Underground mining
35
Q

Define strip mining and it’s two environmental concerns

A

is used to extract minerals such as coal and oil sands, that are located in horizontal layers near the surface.
Chemicals can seep into the water by run off and be carryed into the air from wind

36
Q

Define open pit mining and it’s two environmental concerns

A

is used to extract minerals that are located near the surface but may extend deep into the earth.
The exposed rock that was under the earth for so long can release radioactive chemicals into the air and creates a chemical liquid called tailings

37
Q

Define underground mining and it’s two environmental concerns

A

is used to extract mineral ores located deep in the earth.
The chemicals released into the air during the extraction and refining of minerals is one of the biggest contributing factors to acid rain and The soil that remains after mining operations end is often let irreparably damaged.

38
Q

What are two economic concerns for Canada mineral industry

A

Jobs in refinement are being lost

Becoming more expensive as new policies are put in place

39
Q

What are two environmental concerns for Canada’s mineral industry

A

chemicals also jeopardize our air quality.

•Abandoned mines provide an interesting problem for the future.

40
Q

Where does Canada rank per capita in global energy consumption? Why?

A

Third

41
Q

What are the two categories of energy sources

A

Conventional and alternative

42
Q

Describe the process in which oil and gas forms

A

Oil and gas form from the carbon material found in dying organic matter, such as fossils.

43
Q

Which two ecozones is the majority of Canada’s oil production found in

A

Boreal plains and prairie ecozones

44
Q

In 2001 how many times more oil did Alberta produce than any other province?

A

Three times

45
Q

Define oil production

A

refers to both crude oil which is pumped from the ground, and synthetic crude oil which is created from oil sand.

46
Q

Define oil sand

A

is a naturally occurring mixture of sand, clay or other minerals, water and bitumen.

47
Q

Describe bitumen

A

a thick oil like substance which can be refined into a form of crude oil.

48
Q

Define thermal electric power

A

energy which is created using steam to turn a turbine.

49
Q

List the four main types of alternative energy production

A

Hydro
Solar
Wind
Ocean

50
Q

List one advantage for thermal electric and one disadvantage

A

Plants can be built where they are needed.

These plants create large amounts of greenhouse gasses.

51
Q

Define nuclear energy list 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages

A

They do not normally produce air pollution
Plants can be built where they are needed
There is no permanent way to handle waste products
The radioactive materials are hazardous

52
Q

What is the most important form of alternative energy in Canada

A

Hydro

53
Q

What percentage of Canada’s electricity is generated through the use of moving water

A

59.3 percent

54
Q

Canada is the second largest producer in what type of energy

A

Hydroelectricity

55
Q

Define hydro electricity and list one advantage and disadvantage

A

Electricity generated through capturing the force of moving water
It’s a renewable resource
Building dams requires the flooding of other areas

56
Q

Define wind energy and list one advantage and disadvantage

A

The kinetic force of wind can be used to propel a turbine and generate electricity
Wind is free
Their sounds attract animals which then fly into the blades

57
Q

Define solar energy and list one advantage and disadvantage

A

Is generated through the capture of the suns heat and radiation
Used to generate heat and electricity
The initial start up costs are high

58
Q

What form of solar power is used for electricity

A

Solar thermal

59
Q

Describe the process in which the ocean is used to generate energy

A

The harnessing of wave or tide friction in order to generate energy

60
Q

What are the two forms of fresh water

A

Static and flowing

61
Q

What percentage of the worlds fresh water does Canada contain

A

20%

62
Q

Define wetland

A

Areas of land that have become saturated with water

63
Q

What percentage of Canada’s territory is covered in wetlands

A

14%

64
Q

List and define the five drainage basins

A 
An area drained by a river and its tributaries 
Pacific 
Arctic
Hudson Bay 
Atlantic
Gulf of Mexico
65
Q

Describe how ground water becomes contaminated

A

Chemicals and pollutants can sink into the water table and contaminate the water

66
Q

Describe how surface water is contaminated

A

Run off of chemicals and acid rain

67
Q

What are the three forms of water pollution

A

Physical
Biological
Chemical

68
Q

What is the most dangerous type of water pollution

A

Chemical

Geo (4 decks)

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