Exam Flashcards
Types of projections (five)
Van der grinten projection Mercator projection Mollweide projection Robinson projection Peters projection
What is a contour map
A contour map shows shape and elevation by means of contour lines
What is rotation
Earth rotates on its axis ( 24 hours )
What is revolution
Earth revolves around the sun ( orbits 365 days )
What is and equinox
Sun is directly over head at 12 noon on the equator occurs sept 23 and March 21 equal length of day and night
What is a solstice
Sun is directly overhead at noon on 23.5 degrees north or south occurs dec 21 and June 21 longest and shortest day of the year
What is the greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from a planetโs atmosphere warms the planetโs surface to a temperature above what it would be without its atmosphere
What is prevailing winds
Winds that are most commonly found in an area.
What is Relief rainfall
Precipitation created when an air mass rises to cross a mountain barrier
What is frontal rainfall
Precipitation caused when a warm moist air mass is forced to rise by a cool, dry air mass.
What is Convectional rainfall
Precipitation caused on hot summer days when heated land causes the air above it to rise by convection. As the air rises it cools and condensation occurs.
What is an ocean current
Permanent horizontal movement of surface water ( the top 100m )
What is coastal breeze
The wind will blow from the higher pressure over the water to lower pressure over the land causing the sea breeze. The sea breeze strength will vary depen
Continental vs maritime
As distance from the ocean increases annual temperature range increases.
What is a monsoon
A sudden wet season in the tropics
What is the tropical climate
- tropical wet, tropical wet and dry
- all tropical climates have average temps over 18 every day
- located 23.5 N and S
- wet all year , wet and dry - wet 1/2 year dry 1/2 year
What is an arid climate
- arid, semi-arid
- all dry climates receive less then 500mm rainfall all year
- between 10-30 N and 10-30 S and receive 0-250mm annually ( arid )
- transition zones between desert and forest receive 250-500mm annually ( semi-arid )
What is a temperate climate
- higher latitudes above 30 N and 30 S
- template mild climates occur in both hemispheres
- temperate cold climates occur only in the northern hemisphere
- temperate mild winter-winters are warmer then -3C
- temperate cold winters-winters are colder then -3C
What is a polar climate
- tundra, ice caps
- tundra is never above 10C
- ice caps is never above 0C
What is windward
On the side of a mountain range that faces the prevailing wind
What is leeward
Side of a mountain or mountain range facing away from the prevailing winds
What is an earthquake
An earthquake is a vibration of the earths surface that follows a release of energy in the earths crust.
What is a volcano
a mountain or hill having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earthโs crust.
What is a tsunami
a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance.