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Immunosero > Natural Immunity > Flashcards

Natural Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

These make up 50-70% of total WBCs

A

Neutrophils

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2
Q

How many lobes does Neutrophils have?

A

2-5 lobes

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3
Q

What are the primary granules?

A
  • Myeloperoxidase
  • Elastase
  • Proteinase 3
  • Lysozyme
  • Cathepsin G
  • Defensins

ME-PL-CD

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4
Q

What are the secondary granules?

A
  • Collagenase
  • Lactoferrin
  • Lysozyme
  • NADPH oxidase

CLLN

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5
Q

What are the tertiary granules?

A
  • Gelatinase
  • Plasminogen activator

GP

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6
Q

These are found in separate compartments called lysosomes

A

Acid hydrolases

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7
Q

Acid hydrolases are found in separate compartment called

A

Lysosomes

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8
Q

These make up 1-3% of total WBCs

A

Eosinophils

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Eosinophils nucleus?

A

Location: eccentric
Lobes: bilobed
Size: large
Color: orange to red acidophilic granules

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10
Q

Eosinophils are involved in the following:

A
  • Neutralizing basophil and mast cells products
  • Killing parasites
  • Allergic reactions
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11
Q

These make up less than 1% of total WBCs

A

Basophils

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12
Q

Basophils contain densely staining ________ granules that ________

A

Densely staining bluish-purple granules that obscure the nucleus

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13
Q

Neutrophils contain:

A

Neutral staining granules

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14
Q

When basophils binds with IgE, it leads to

A

Degranulation

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15
Q

During allergic reactions, basophils release two enzymes

A

Histamine and Heparin

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16
Q

Basophils life span in the bloodstream

A

Few hours

17
Q

It resemble basophils, but are connective tissue cells and are larger, with a small round nucleus and more granules and a longer life

A

Mast cells

18
Q

Mast Cells life span in the connective tissue

A

9-18 months

19
Q

Mast Cells enzyme content:

A
  • Acid phosphatase
  • Alkaline phosphatase
  • Protease granules

AAP

20
Q

Differences of Basophils with Mast Cells

A
  • Basophils - blood, lobed nucleus, few hrs unless IgE binding occurs
  • Mast cells - connective tissue, comparatively larger, round nucleus, 9-18 mos.
21
Q

Similarities of Basophils and Mast Cells

A

Their functions (which also binds with IgE)

22
Q

These make up 4-10% of total WBCs

A

Monocytes

23
Q

Largest cells in the peripheral blood (PB)

A

Monophils

24
Q

Has irregularly folded or horseshoe-shaped nucleus

A

Monocytes

25
Q

Monocytes cytoplasm stains ________ with a ________ appearance

A

Stains dull grayish blue with a ground-glass appearance

26
Q

Monocyte consists of the following granules:

A
  • Peroxidase
  • Acid Phosphatase
  • Arylsulfatase
  • B-glucuronidase
  • Lysozyme
  • Lipase

PAA-BLL
*NO alkaline phosphatase (compare to mast cells)

27
Q

Monocytes becomes ________ once in the tissue

A

Macrophage

28
Q

Its cytoplasm has a lace-pattern

A

Monocytes

29
Q

Arise from monocytes and contain NO peroxidase

A

Tissue macrophage

30
Q

Macrophages have specific names according to their location:
- lungs
- liver
- brain
- connective tissue

A
  • lungs - alveolar macrophage/ dust cells
  • liver - kupffer cells
  • brain - microglial cells
  • connective tissue - histiocytes
31
Q

Most potent phagocyte

A

Dendritic cells

32
Q

Main function of dendritic cells is

A

Antigen presentation to T cells

33
Q

Examples of Antigen presenting cells (APC):

A

Dendritic cells, Monocytes, Macrophages, B cells

DMMB

34
Q

Describe the process of antigen presentation

A

Antigens are digested by phagocytes -> phagocytes will process antigens into smaller peptides that they can put in MHC class II -> once helper T cells recognized those peptided in MHC class II, it will secrete cytokines = cytokines will induce other cells to do their functions

Example: helper T cell will release cytokines -> cytokines will induce B cells to produce antibodies

35
Q

Dendritic cells are classified according to tissue location:
- langerhans cells
- interstitial dendritic cells
- interdigitating dendritic cells

A
  • langerhans cells - skin and mucous membrane
  • interstitial dendritic cells - heart, lungs, liver, kidney, GIT
  • interdigitating dendritic cells - T cell areas of secondary lymphoid tissue and thymus

Immunosero (2 decks)

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