Natural hazards case studies Flashcards
Where was the Japan earthquake ?
Tohoku Japan
- Sendai bay in the city of Sendai
What happened in Tohoku ?
An earthquake of 9.1 magnitude
- Followed by a tsunami which then caused Fukshima to explode
What were the primary impacts of this ?
- $235 billion USD
- Roads & railways damaged
- 30 buildings destroyed
What were the secondary impacts ?
- Huge tsunami - 40M
- 15,900 people died - tsunami
- 450,000 homeless people
- 120,000 job less
- Fukshima exploding is a secondary impact of the tsunami
What were the immediate responses ?
- Tsunami warnings were issued 3 mins after the earthquake
- 100,000 rescue workers deployed
- Temporary accommodation set up
What are the long term responses ?
Planning :
- Yearly earthquake drills
- Trained emergency services
- Government funding
Prep:
- Buildings are earthquake proof
- Larger sea wall
- Earthquake & tsunami warnings sent to phones
Prediction:
- Buoys at sea to predict areas at most risk
- Tsunamis predicted easily using magnitude and location of the earthquake
What happened in Kathmandu in 2015 ?
A 7.9 magnitude earthquake
Where in Nepal did the earthquake occur ?
Kathmandu - Nepal
What were the primary effects ?
- 9,000 killed
- 20,000 injured
- 8 million people affected (1/3 of Nepal’s population)
- 7,000 schools destroyed
- 1/2 of shops destroyed
What were the secondary impacts ?
- Landslides and avalanches
- 19 people killed from the earthquake on Mount Everest
What were the immediate responses ?
- International aid from the UK & India
- £87 million raised
- Helicopters distributed for search & rescue
What are the long term responses ?
- Government introduced stricter building codes & precautions
- Landslides were all cleared
- Houses & schools needed to be rebuilt
Where did cyclone pam happen ?
In Vanuatu- An island in the pacific ocean
What happened in Vanuatu in 2015 ?
A large tropical cyclone hit
What were the primary impacts ?
- Majority of fruit trees destroyed - shortage of food
- Many houses destroyed
- 15 people dead
- 60,000 people affected
- Many diseases spread in water
What were the secondary impacts ?
- Long term food shortages
- Reduce in export revenue
- Disease outbreaks
- Soil erosion
- Loss of wildlife
Decline in tourisim
Where & when did Storm Doris occur ?
The UK & Ireland in February 2017
What are the long term responses ?
- Rebuilding homes & infrastructure
- Restoring agriculture
- Coastal protection
What were the immediate responses ?
- Search teams deployed
- Aid provided by organisations
- Temporary shelters
- International aid from New Zealand & Australia
What were the primary impacts ?
- Travel disruption
- Heavy flooding
- Power outages
- Many things damaged from the wind
What were the secondary impacts ?
- Flood damage
- Road safety concerns
- On-going travel disruption
- Large cost for repairs
What were the immediate responses ?
- Met office warnings were issued
- Rescue operations from the emergency services
- Clearing fallen trees
What were the long term responses ?
- Repairing damaged infrastructure
- Flood defences put in place
Review of emergency protocols
