Natural Hazards Case studies

Question 1

Nepal earthqauke primary effects

Answer 1

• 9000 died
• 20 000 injured
• 4 million left homeless
• 7000 schools destroyed
• 50% of shops destroyed, affecting food supplies and people’s livelihood’s
• Cost of damage over US$5 billio

Question 2

Primary effects of Amatrice earthqauke

Answer 2

299 Killed
400 are injured
4454 are made homeless
£21.9 billion worth of damage
Over half the buildings were destroyed or damaged

Question 3

Secondrary effects of Nepal earthquake

Answer 3

Avalanches on Mount everest which killed 18 people

Many Mountain roads were blocked by landslides, preventing emergency aid from reaching remote areas

A lack of clean water lead to an outbreak of Typhus, which killed 13 people

Question 4

Secondrary effects of Amatrice earthquake

Answer 4

Farmers suffered as 90% of sheep, cattle barns and goats were destroyed.

Parts of the centre were made red zones
This reduced buisiness and Tourism
Looting

Question 5

Immediate responses of Nepal earthquake

Answer 5

India and China sent rescue teams but a lack of tools and machinery slowed things down

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People begun to try and rescue the dead but damaged roads made it difficult for aid workers

The red cross set up emergency shelters for 130,000 families who had lost their homes

Question 6

immediate responses of Italy earthqauke

Answer 6

10,000 homeless people were accomodated in 58 tent camps

Rescue teams arrived searching for survivors

Temporary hospitals were set up

Italian red cross removed wifi passwords so they could communicate easily

Italian PM announced £50 M for emergency response

Question 7

Nepal long term response

Answer 7

World Bank financed 500 million worth of projects to build earthqauke resistant buildings, repair roads and irrigation systems

The road for Nepal into Tibet was reopened

Many heritage sites were reopened and tourists were encouraged to return

Water supply was restored
Ngos work with residents to increase resilience towards disasters

Question 8

Italy long term responses

Answer 8

6 months after earthqauke government promises to move people from temporary camps into lightweight wooden homes

£42 million government iniative sought to rebuild earthqauke proof.

Question 9

Primary effects of Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 9

8000 people were killed

2. Over 1 million homes were destroyed
3. 1.9 million were made homeless
4. Strong winds damaged electricity lines and water supplies were contaminated with salt water

5.The heavy rain and storm surge flooded 600,000 hectares of farmland

6.Cost of damage was 13 million Us dollars

Question 10

Secondrary effects of Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 10

Flooding triggered landslides whcih blocked roads and delayed aid

2. 5.6 million workers lost their jobs after businesses and agricultural land was destroyed
3. Lack of clean water caused diseases like dysentery

Question 11

Immediate repsonses typhoon haiyan

Answer 11

PAGSA broadcast warnings about typhoon Haiyan two days before it makes landfall. This lead to the evacuation of 800,000- although some died when evacuation centres flooded

2) Fishermen were warned not to go to sea

3) Phillipines declared a state of emergency, which lead to many charities offering aid (food and clean water)

4) Plan international constructed pit latrines for 100,000 people to stop the spread of disease

Question 12

Typhoon Haiyan long term responses

Answer 12

UN appealed for over $300 million to help find rebuilding and relief

2) Charities built storm resistant houses

3) Phillipines tourism board encouraged people to visit the country after the storm emphasisng money from tourism will help rebuilding

Question 13

What happened during the somerset floods ?

Answer 13

3x more rainfall
Rain fell on already saturated ground which caused extensive flooding of the levels
3) Humans hadn’t dredged the river regularly for 20 years, which reduced their capacity

Question 14

Social impacts of somerset floods

Answer 14

More than 600 homes were flooded, and many people were forced to evacuate

2) Villages such as Mulcheny were cut off- only way was there by boat

3) Major transport links including A361 were closed or disrupted

4) Insuarance prices soared, so some residents were unable to insure their homes against future flooding

Question 15

Environmental impacts of somerset floods

Answer 15

1500 hectares were flooded including farmland

Standing water made the ground toxic and unproductive. Loss of nutrients decreased long-term fertility of the land

Tonnes of mud and debris were left by the floods

Question 16

Economic impacts of somerset floods

Answer 16

otal cost of damage was estimated at over 80 million pounds

Local companies lost more than 1.2 million in business

Loss of tourism cost 200 million