Natural Hazards

Question 1

what are the three types of hazards?

Answer 1

geophysical, atmospherical and hydrological

Question 2

give examples of geophysical hazards

Answer 2

plate tectonics, volcanoes and seismic activity

Question 3

give examples of atmospherical hazards

Answer 3

tropical storms and droughts

Question 4

give examples of hydrological hazards

Answer 4

floods, storm surges and tsunamis

Question 5

definition of disaster

Answer 5

when a hazard seriously affect humans

Question 6

definition of risk

Answer 6

the likelihood that human will be seriously affected by a hazard

Question 7

definition of vulnerability

Answer 7

how susceptible a population is to the damage caused by a hazard

Question 8

what is fatalism?

Answer 8

an acceptance that hazards are natural events that we can do little to control, so must accept the losses as natural processes

Question 9

how can hazards be predicted?

Answer 9

advances in technology and communication means that hazards can be monitored and information can be shared

Question 10

how can you adapt to hazards?

Answer 10

accepting that they are vulnerable so behaviour can be adjusted to minimise losses and reduce costs for recovery

Question 11

what are the phases of the Park Model?

Answer 11

relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction

Question 12

what takes place during the relief phase?

Answer 12

this is immediate, local and global response in forms of aid, expertise, search and rescue

Question 13

what takes place during the rehabilitation phase?

Answer 13

this is between weeks and months after, infrastructure and services restored to allow reconstruction to take place

Question 14

what takes place during the reconstruction phase?

Answer 14

this is between weeks and years after, restoring or improving the quality of life prior to event, also involves mitigation

Question 15

what are the phases of the Hazard Management Cycle?

Answer 15

mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery

Question 16

what takes place during the mitigation phase?

Answer 16

this aims to minimise the impacts of future disasters, e.g. flood defences, this can happen before or after an event

Question 17

what takes place during the preparedness phase?

Answer 17

this is about planning how to respond to a hazard, e.g. warning systems or educating people

Question 18

what takes place during the response phase?

Answer 18

this is how people react when a disaster occurs, e.g, emergency services rescuing people

Question 19

what takes place during the recovery phase?

Answer 19

this is about getting the affected area back to normal, e.g. repairing or rebuilding houses