Natural Hazards

Question 1

What is a tectonic plate?

Answer 1

The division of the Earth’s crust

Question 2

What is the crust?

Answer 2

The outer most part of the Earth’s structure

Question 3

Convection Currents

Answer 3

Are the movement of the Earth’s mantle that drives tectonic plates to move

Question 4

The mantle

Answer 4

is the largest and semi - molten part of the Earth’s structure

Question 5

The core

Answer 5

is the inner most part of the Earth’s structure.

Question 6

The inner core

Answer 6

is solid and temperatures are 4,300 degrees Celsius

Question 7

The outer core

Answer 7

is a liquid and is responsible for the Earth’s magnetic fields

Question 8

Plate boundaries

Answer 8

where two or more tectonic plates meet

Question 9

Continental drift

Answer 9

the gradual movement of the continents across the Earth’s surface through geological time

Question 10

What causes Earthquakes?

Answer 10

Vibrations caused by the movement of the Earth at plate boundaries and at major fault lines

Question 11

What are fault lines?

Answer 11

Cracks in the earth’s surface

Question 12

What is the focus?

Answer 12

The point where two plates collide

Question 13

What are seismic waves?

Answer 13

waves of force which travel through the earth from the focus of the earthquake

Question 14

What is the epicentre?

Answer 14

The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake

Question 15

What are the three types of plate boundary movement?

Answer 15

Conservative
Destructive
Constructive

Question 16

What is a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 16

When the tectonic plates move apart.

Question 17

What natural hazard can be formed through constructive plate boundaries?

Answer 17

Volcanoes, the magma seeps through into the gap however it is not very powerful

Question 18

What is a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 18

When the oceanic and continental plate move together. The heavier oceanic plate submerges beneath the lighter continental plate.

Question 19

Which two natural hazards can form through a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 19

Volcano - Magma rises up through cracks and erupts onto the surface.
Earthquake - Friction causes melting of the oceanic plate and may trigger earthquakes.

Question 20

What is a conservative plate boundary?

Answer 20

A conservative plate boundary occurs where plates slide past each other in opposite directions, or in the same direction but at different speeds.

Question 21

How do conservative plate boundaries cause earthquakes?

Answer 21

Friction is eventually overcome and the plates slip past in a sudden movement. The shockwaves created produce an earthquake.

Question 22

What is a collision zone?

Answer 22

Where two continental plates collide into each other.Neither plate is forced under the other, and so both are forced up and form fold mountains

Question 23

What is the Richter scale?

Answer 23

Measures the magnitude of an earthquake using a seismograph. It starts from 0 and goes up to 10.