Natural Hazards Flashcards
The processes that have shaped Earth continually act on or beneath the surface. Geologic hazards brought by earthquakes, earthquake-induced landslides, volcanic eruption, and tsunamis are due to the movement of plates and local concentrations of geologic heating. The geologic hazards cause great risk to both humans and humanmade structures.
Geological hazards
Since ——, PHIVOLCS has recorded — destructive earthquakes in the Philippines.
1996, 12
Magnitude: 7.7
Epicenter: near the town of Rizal, Nueva Ecija, northeast of Cabanatuan
Death count: approximately 2,412 people
The Great Luzon Earthquake. 1990
Magnitude: 7.2
Epicenter: Sagbayan, Bohol Death count: 222
Bohol Earthquake, 2013
The top 10 provinces that are at risk for earthquakes include:
- Surigao Del Sur
- La Union
- Benguet
- Pangasinan
- Pampanga
- Tarlac
- Ifugao
- Davao Oriental
- Nueva Vizcaya
- Nueva Ecija
——— are a type of “mass wasting,” which denotes any down-slope movement of soil and rock under the direct influence of gravity.
Landslides
sometimes cause tsunamis that damage coastal areas.
Submarine landslides
The Philippines lies within the Pacific Ring of Fire. This describes the distribution of most volcanoes in the Philippines. (22 active)
Volcanic eruptions
Most violent eruption in the 20th century The eruption produced high-speed avalanches of hot ash and gas, giant mudflows, and a cloud of volcanic ash hundreds of miles across.
Death count: 847 death toll due to roof collapse
Mount pinatubo eruption, 1991
The top 10 provinces that are at risk for volcanic eruption include:
- Camiguin
- Sulu
- Biliran
- Albay
- Bataan
- Sorsogon
- South Cotabato
- Laguna
- Camarines Sur
- Batanes
Process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage
Hydrometeorological Hazards
is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing, or strongest, winds of a region.
Moonsoon
southwest monsoon – June to October
Habagat
northeast monsoon – November to March
Amihan
localized storm accompanied by lightning and thunder
Thunderstorms
Coastal area refers to the land and sea areas bordering the shoreline. It comprises the natural boundary between the land and ocean which may include the beach, dunes, mangroves, estuary, and lagoon.
The Philippines is particularly susceptible to coastal hazards. The hazards living near the coastlines include dangers of waves, tides, erosion, fold, and saltwater intrusion.
Marine and coatal hazards
caused by wind and storms
Cause large impact around the coastline for the potential coastline erosion, flooding, and damages
Waves
Result of gravitational attraction of the sun and moon on
the oceans, cause the frequent rise and fall of ocean levels
Tides
The process of wave action, wave currents, and tidal currents wear away the land and remove sediments near the coastline.
Coatal erosion
