Natural Factors - vineyard Flashcards
What are the two vine species?
- Vitus vinifera
- American Vines
What 3 factors is a grower looking for in a grape variety?
- Budding times
- Ripening times
- Resistance to diseases
What are the 5 needs of a vine?
- Warmth
- Sunlight
- Water
- Nutients
- Carbon Dioxide
What are the 6 steps in a vines growth cycle? (From winter to summer)
- Dormancy
- Budburst
- Flowering
- Fruitset
- Veraison
- Ripening
What are the 6 components of a grape? (Not physical, but chemical)
- Water
- Sugar
- Acids
- Colour
- Tannin
- Flavours
What are the 4 different temperature definitions for climate?
- Cool
- Moderate
- Warm
- Hot
What are the 3 different climates?
- Maritime
- Continental
- Mediterranean
What are the 6 factors that influence regional climate?
- latitude
- altitude
- Oceans
- Large Lakes
- Continentality
- Diurnal Range
What are the 4 factors that influence site climate?
Aspect
Soil (heat, drainage)
Fog
Bodies of water
How one weather factor influences style, quality, price?
Vintage variation
What two factors relating to soil impact on style, quality and price?
What is a clone?
What are two potential benefits of clonal variation?
Variations/mutations within identical grape varieties
- e.g. MV6 and 113 are both Pinot clones*
1. higher fruit quality
2. better disease resistence
What is a crossing?
A new variety produced from two grapes within the same species.
e. g. Cabernet Franc x Sauvignon Blanc = Cabernet Sauvignon
* These are both Vitis Vinifera*
What is a hybrid?
Why are hybrids so important?
Grape variety from two different vine species.
e.g American vine x V. vinifera
The rootstock of American vines are crucial to prevent Phylloxera.
What is Phylloxera?
(3 points)
It is an North American insect that damages V. vinifera.
It caused global wholesale destruction of wine regions in the 19th century.
Chile, Argentina, and South Australia are all phylloxera free.
