Natural and Synthetic Materials Flashcards
All materials are made from…
chemicals
Name 3 materials that are made from chemicals
Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Chemicals are made from
atoms or groups of atoms joined together
What is an atom?
A single particle that makes up matter
What is meant by ‘matter’?
The ‘stuff’ that everything is made from.
What is an element?
A type of atom e.g. iron, nickel, hydrogen, etc.
An iron nail is made from
iron atoms
Water contains which two elements?
Hydrogen and Oxygen
What is a molecule?
Any group of atoms that are chemically bonded together. The atoms can all be the same or different.
What is a compound?
A group of atoms chemically bonded together. They MUST be different.
Why is water a compound?
It contains two different atoms (hydrogen and oxygen) chemically bonded together.
What is a mixture?
A group of substances that are not chemically bonded together e.g. a mixture of water and sand.
Name 3 materials that come from plants.
Wood and paper - trees
Cotton - cotton plants
Name 3 materials that come from animals.
Wool - sheep
Silk - silk worm larva
Leather - cows
What is a synthetic material?
A material made by humans.
Name 5 synthetic materials.
Rubber Nylon Polyester Paints Metal alloys
Where does rubber come from?
rubber trees
made in factories
What is the advantage of making rubber in a factory?
You can control the properties of the rubber.
Name some uses of rubber?
Car tyres, wet suits
Name some of the properties that synthetic clothing manufacturers can control
water-proofing
super-stretchy
sparkliness
How are paints designed by manufacturers?
The pigments are designed to be tough and to stop the colour fading.
Where do the raw materials come from that are used to make metal alloys?
The Earth’s crust e.g. aluminium and chromium.
Where are aluminium and chromium found naturally?
In the Earth’s crust.
