nats exam notes

Question 1

difference between qualitive and quantitative (ANSWERING QUANTITATIVE)

Answer 1

QUANTITATIVE DATA:
answers “what”, “where”, “how”, “when” and “who”
-based on numbers
-larger sample size
-statistical analysis
-objective
-closed ended-question
-to validate hypothesis

Question 2

HDI- different indicators

Answer 2

A composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.

Life expectancy at birth measures the health dimension = social indicator

The education dimension is measured by mean years of schooling for adults aged 25 years and more and expected years of schooling for children of school entering age = social (and political indicator)

The standard of living dimension is measured by gross national income per capita = economic indicator

Question 3

composite indicators

Question 4

PQE map

Answer 4

p- pattern
In this step, you need to give a general overview of any patterns you may identify.
q- Quantify
In this step, you need to add specific and accurate information to define the patterns. Quantifying involves using statistics, amounts, sizes and locations to give specific details (look at the legend).
e- Exceptions
In this step, you need to identify everything that does not fit your patterns.
Often, you may find that there are things in your data that do not fit into a pattern you have identified. These are called exceptions. They also need to be identified and quantified.

Question 5

managing population- what are issues + solutions

Question 6

describe population pyramid- where is it located in DTM

Question 7

spheres

Answer 7

Atmosphere
Biosphere
Lithosphere/geosphere
Hydrosphere

Question 8

given enviro challenges-which sphere

Question 9

why are the interconnected

Question 10

ecosystem services

Question 11

ecological footprint- where is it

Question 12

conflict in minerals- colten- case- study- question

Question 13

management of your environmental challenge (10 marks)

Answer 13

solutions:
-bans sunscreens containing oxybenzone and octinoxate
-planting new coral
-government funding groups fixing the issue (research, planting coral, etc.)
problems:
-climate change
-changes in ocean temp
-pollution
-ocean acidification

Question 14

difference between qualitive and quantitative (ANSWERING QUALITIVE)

Answer 14

QUALITIVE DATA
answers “why” (which is very important)
-based on opinions and experiences
-smaller sample size
-interviews and observations
-subjective
-open-ended questions
-to generate hypothesis or develop ideas

Question 15

Atmosphere

Answer 15

Atmosphere – the gases surrounding the earth, made up of O2, H2O etc.

Question 16

Biosphere

Answer 16

Biosphere - living things, flora (plants/vegetation) and fauna (animals)

Question 17

Lithosphere/geosphere

Answer 17

Lithosphere/geosphere - solid, outer part of Earth, landforms

Question 18

Hydrosphere

Answer 18

Hydrosphere – all water bodies/sources and flows including underground water, lakes, rivers, etc.

Question 19

• Name a country at each stage of the DTM

Answer 19

Stage 2 - Niger, Chad, Afghanistan, Yemen

Stage 3 - Mexico, Thailand, Kenya, South Africa, India

Stage 4 - USA, Australia, UK, USA

Stage 5 - Italy, Japan, Russia, Germany

Question 20

DTM- identify country (no country in S1)

Answer 20

Stage 2 - Niger, Chad, Afghanistan, Yemen

Stage 3 - Mexico, Thailand, Kenya, South Africa, India

Stage 4 - USA, Australia, UK, USA

Stage 5 - Italy, Japan, Russia, Germany