Native Americans S.G. Flashcards
“bowl” between Rockies and Sierra Nevadas, desert that is cold in winter and hot in summer?
Environment of the GREAT BASIN
Northern Idaho and Washington, more water and plant life than Great Basin?
Environment of the PLATEAU
Great Plains, flat, open land, cold winters?
Environment of the PLAINS
Rugged and windy, along the coast of Oregon and
Washington, rainy?
Environment of the PACIFIC NORTHWEST
Live in small groups, hunter gatherers, no agriculture, didn’t wander, just followed their food sources?
Lifestyle of the GREAT BASIN
Hunter gatherers, followed food sources that were
in season?
Lifestyle of the PLATEAU
Farmed for centuries, when HORSES arrived they became hunter gatherers and traders?
Lifestyle of the PLAINS
No agriculture, plenty of food to gather, conscious
of status, had slaves?
Lifestyle of the PACIFIC NORTHWEST
Small huts placed close together?
Shelter of the Great Basin
camps placed near rivers in spring, pits dug with cone
shaped roofs call pit houses?
Shelter of the PLATEAU
Teepees, larger camps, told stories about the trickster coyote?
Shelter of the Plains
Longhouses made of cedar planks, big villages of hundreds of people, carved totems to honor spirit and pass on stories?
Shelter of the Pacific Northwest
Pine nuts
Food of the Great Basins
salmon, had spring ceremonies to fish and pay tribute to the salmon spirit ?
Food of the Plateau
Bison, used them for clothes, tools AND food?
Food of the Plains
Potlaches, big ceremony to show off wealth?
Food of the Pacific Northwest
Shoshone, Utes, Paiutes?
Tribes of the Great Basin
Kutenais, Walla Wallas, Nez Perce?
Tribes of the Plateau
Mandans, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Sioux?
Tribes of the Plains
Tlingits, Salishes, Haidas?
Tribes of Pacific Northwest
This caused a lot of confusion and conflict and made it easy for the U.S. to continue taking land. The U.S. often backed out of agreements whenever they wanted more
land?
Treaties with the Native Americans
The removal of the Cherokee people from Georgia to reservations in Oklahoma. They were forced to march the whole way during the winter and many died.
Trail of Tears:
Native American children were force to be like European Americans. So they were forcibly taken to harsh schools to teach them to speak English and be
“civilized.” Many never saw their families again. What was the name of the school?
Carlisle School
Native Americans did not have natural immunity to many of the diseases that Europeans
brought with them. This was mostly accidental, but there were cases where Europeans infected local
Native American groups on purpose. Diseases like smallpox killed thousands.
Disease
Groups of Cheyenne and Arapaho had been encouraged to seek protection near
this military post so that they wouldn’t be considered enemies. They gave up their weapons and agreed
to live in peace in return for food and protection. They even hung a U.S. flag and a white flag of
surrender so that everyone would know they were peaceful. Colonel Chivington ordered their horses
captured and his men to attack, killing 123, one hundred of which were women and children.
Sand Creek Massacre:
Battle fought between the Sioux (led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse) and the
U.S. military.
Battle of Little Bighorn
