Native Americans Flashcards
Paleo Native Americans: Home
tents that were moveable- wooden poles covered with animal skins or bark
Archaic Native Americans: Home
1st tents and later permanent dwellings (wigwams)
Woodland Native Americans; Home
Bigger permanent settlements 2-3 families (Adena and Hopewell)
Late Prehistoric Native Americans: Home
Plaza center of village-circular or rectangular houses surrounded bythe plaza
Paleo Native Americans: Activities
Hunt-mammoth, mastodon, deer, and fish
Gathered nuts and fruit
Archaic Native Americans: Activities
Gathered nuts and berries
Hunted and Fished
Woodland Native American: Activities
Mound Building
Making Pottery
Late Prehistoric: Activities
Fish and hunted
Grew 3 sisters: corn, beans, and squash
Paleo Native Americans: Natural Resources
Flint
Archaic Native Americans:Natural Resources
Flint: Granite and slate (hard stones)
Woodland Native Americans:Natural Resources
Goodsoil-farming and mound building
Clay for pottery
Late Prehistoric Native Americans:Natural Resources
Goodsoil-farming and mound building
Wood/Glasses for homes
Paleo Native Americans:Tools
Made of flint (stone) and wood
Archaic Native Americans: Tools
Axes dig out canoes made of wood and stone
Woodland Native Americans: Tools
Shovel, axes, and hoes
Late Prehistoric Native Americans:Tools
Metal and wood tools
Paleo Native Americans: Weapons
Spears
Archaic Native Americans: Weapons
Atlatl and spear throwers
Woodland Native Americans: Weapons
Bows and arrowheads
fish hooks
Late Prehistoric Native Americans: Weapons
Metal axes and clubs
Bow and arrow
Study of Artifacts
Often unearthed through excavation
Help us learn about our past
Archeology
- Human made Objects that give us clues about the past
- the only information we have about prehistoric cultures
Artifacts
Ohio people are classified into 4 time periods
Paleoindian Period, Archaic Period, Woodland Period, and Late Prehistoric Period
- small mobile groups moved around alot-following animals for food and clothing
- temporary camps
- hunted with spears tipped with flint points
- Workshops near areas where flint could be found
Paleoindian Period
- hunting, fishing, collecting plants
- made axes and food processing tools
- emphasis on ceremonialism- trade with other culture groups
- fairly permanent settlements with sizable groups
Archaic Period
Population increased during what period- small communities replaced by large villages
Late Woodland Period
What replaced the spears during the Late Woodland Period?
Bow and Arrow
Started to grow corn when?
Late Woodland Period
Two culture groups that lived during the Woodland Period?
Hopewell and Adena
- depended on hunting, fishing, and collecting wild plant foods, and growing crops
- lived in small scattered communities
- Pottery is decorated
- participated in trade networks
- constructed earthen burial mounds and complex earthworks
Hopewell
What moved in that destroyed the Native American Mounds?
European Settlement Increased
Who used baskets to carry the earth, sod, sand, and mud to build the mounds?
Mound Builders
- Geometric Earthworks (mounds)
- Made into a variety of shapes such as a circle, square, octagon, ect
Newark Earthworks
- Built during the Woodland Period
- is known as an effigy mound-shaped like an animal snake
- spiritual mound represented new development
Serpent Mound
What Native Americans built Neward Earthworks?
Hopewell
What Native Americans built Serpent Mounds
Late Prehistoric
-lived in villages located in areas of fertile soils that supports cultivation of maize, beans and squash
Late Prehistoric
good soil that made plants grow well
Fertile Soil
planting and growing
Cultivation
People not getting along too many groups wanted the same resource and not enough for everyone that wants it (flint, copper, shells, and food) example of trading what?
Conflict
Groups of people getting along and working with each other to share resources example of trading what?
Cooperation
Groups fighting over limited supplies-not enough for everyone
Scarcity of resouces-freezing weather
Trading what?
Conflict
Warm weather so enough food everyone is happy
Each group has plenty of different items to trade that others want
Trading what?
Cooperation
