National Crime/patterns/theory/laws Flashcards
What is a self report survey
Subjects report their own experience
Crime trends
Violent crime has decline
Marijuana use amongst teenagers is rising
Ecstasy was becoming less popular now on the rise
Alcohol use heavy drinking is down
Factors influencing crime trends
Age structure more kids, more crimes
Immigration decreases acts as a suppressor they don’t want commit less crime.
Unemployment no effect on crime
Abortion decrease since legalized abortion
Gun availability depends on legal vs. illegal guns.
Gangs 800,000 members in the U.S. MS13
Ncvs
National crime victimization survey
What are factors that influence crime trends(part 2)
- Drug use rise in violent (crime from 1985-1993) (more crime related to drug trafficking)(rise in gangs)
- Media more media exposure of violent crimes inspired very little effect raises
- Medical technology lower murder rates
- Justice policy lower crime rates
What is ecological patterns what are the 2 type areas
Rural and suburban
Where the person lives or there area
Where is most crime committed which ones have less
West and south more crime
Mid west and New England less crime
What are gender patterns and what gender is the most highly septeble to crime what is the ratio of crime
Female and male
Patterns committed by a man or woman
Ratio: 3 male offenders:1 female offender or 4:1
Males commit more crime
Why do males commit more crime
Males are stronger and better able to commit crime
Hormonal differences
Girls socialized to be less violent
Males have more parental freedom/ girls have more parental control
What are racial patterns
One race does more crime than another
African Americans are 14% of general population but account for 39% of part 1 of violent crimes and 30% of property crimes
Why is blacks more prone to crime
System racism: racial profiling, most patrols in minority neighborhoods
Institutional racism:unfair social order, schools, government
Structural racism: traditionally,serrated minorities
What are social class patterns
The more increase in poverty and social disorganization comes an increase of crime rate
Why social class patterns
Lack of economic resources leads to higher stress, which then leads to crime
Family structure has crumbled
Where are the higher crime rates,why, and what is the term for this
In poor neighborhoods that are near rich neighborhood, because there going to be jealous, relative deprivation
What is the broken window hypothesis
The deteriorated do community’s attract criminal activity
What are age patterns, what is the age area for crime
The age of crime usually, the youth
What is the peak age for violent crime and property crime
Violent: 18
Property: 16
Why is there age patterns
Culture Risk taking Selfish thinking Immaturity Limited financially Energy, time, and strength Juvenile justice on youth
What are career patterns: coronic offenders
Someone who frequently and persistently commits serious
crime account for 50% or more of serious crime
Arrest and punishment typically won’t does not defer them
What are juveniles
Arrested 5 or more times before 18 and who will probably become an adult crime.
How much does it occur victim patterns
About 21 million crime victimizations occur /year
What gender is more likely to be Vic. Of robbery and aggravated assault what gender is most likely to be a Vic. Of sexual assault
Me are of robbery and assault
Women are of sexual assault
Who is the 2/3rds of attacks against women
Husband,family member or aquantince or boyfriend
Age patterns
Young people more at risk
Reduces significantly after 25
People 65 and older=14% of population
But account for 1% of violent crime victems
Teens 12-19= 14% of population account for 30%
