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SQA Music > National 4 > Flashcards

National 4 Flashcards

1
Q

A tempo

A

Return to the speed before the tempo change

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2
Q

ABA

A

3 part form

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3
Q

Accelerando

A

Tempo/speed gradually gets faster

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4
Q

African music

A

Music from Africa featuring voices/drums

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5
Q

Alto

A

Lowest female voice

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6
Q

Anacrusis

A

Notes coming before the 1st strong beat in a musical phrase

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7
Q

Andante

A

Tempo is at a walking pace

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8
Q

Arpeggio

A

Notes of a chord played one after another

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9
Q

Backing vocals

A

Singers supporting the lead(s), usually in harmony

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10
Q

Baroque

A

Style of music composed between 1600-1750, with prominent harpsichord

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11
Q

Bass

A

Lowest male voice

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12
Q

Bass drum

A

Low pitched drum, part of a marching band/drum kit

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13
Q

Bass guitar

A

Low pitched guitar with only 4 strings and needs an amplifier to produce sound

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14
Q

Brass band

A

Band of brass and percussion instruments

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15
Q

Broken chord

A

Notes of a chord are played separately

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16
Q

Cadenza

A

Piece of music allowing for a display of technical ability from a soloist

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17
Q

Canon

A

Strict imitation, similar to round

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18
Q

Cello

A

String instrument slightly smaller and higher in pitch when compared to a double bass

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19
Q

Change of key

A

Move from one key to another

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20
Q

Chord progressions

A

Chords built on the 1st, 4th and 5th notes of a major/minor scale

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21
Q

Clarinet

A

Woodwind instrument with a single reed

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22
Q

Compound time

A

Each beat is divided into groups of 3

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23
Q

Concerto

A

Solo instrument and an orchestra

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24
Q

Cymbals

A

Round metal percussion instrument played by striking with another cymbal/beater/brush

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25
Q

Distortion

A

Electric effect used in rock to give a ‘fuzzy’ sound to the electric guitar

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26
Q

Dotted rhythms

A

Long note followed by a shorter one/short note followed by a longer one. Scotch snaps

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27
Q

Double bass

A

Largest and lowest string instrument

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28
Q

Drone

A

Held on low note in the bass, sometimes more than one note. The low-pitched notes in a bagpipe melody

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29
Q

Flute

A

Woodwind metal instrument without a reed. Sound is produced by blowing across a hole in the mouthpiece

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30
Q

Glockenspiel

A

Tuned percussion instrument with metal bars laid in a similar fashion to a piano

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31
Q

Grouped semiquavers

A

Group of semiquavers joined together

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32
Q

Güiro

A

Percussion instrument made of hollow wood with ridges on the outer surface. Sound is made by dragging a wooden stick along the ridges.

33
Q

Harp

A

String instrument with 47 pitched strings

34
Q

Harpsichord

A

Keyboard instrument with the majority of keys black. The strings are plucked and was a popular feature of music from the Baroque period

35
Q

Imitation

A

Melody is immediately copied in another part

36
Q

Jig

A

Fast dance in compound time with 2 beats in a bar and dividing into 3

37
Q

Major

A

Music sounds in a major key/tonality. Described as having a happy/cheery feel.

38
Q

Mezzo forte

A

Fairly loud volume marked by ‘mf’

39
Q

Mezzo piano

A

Fairly quiet volume marked by ‘mp’

40
Q

Middle eight

A

From popular music - 8 bars of music differing from the opening

41
Q

Minor

A

Music sounds in a minor key/tonality. Described as sounding sad/mysterious

42
Q

Mouth music

A

Unaccompanied songs with Gaelic/nonsense words

43
Q

Muted

A

Use of a device to reduce the sound/volume of an instrument

44
Q

Opera

A

Drama set to music

45
Q

Ornament

A

Adds extra notes to the melody

46
Q

Paired quaver

A

2 quavers joined together

47
Q

Pan pipes

A

Hollow wooden tubes bound by length according to pitch

48
Q

Ragtime

A

Style of dance from the 19th Century that helped to influence jazz. Features include syncopated melody/vamp and is often on a piano

49
Q

Rallentando

A

Tempo/speed gradually slows down

50
Q

Rapping

A

Rhyming lyrics spoken in time with the beat, popular in hip-hop music

51
Q

Recorder

A

Four main types are descant/treble/tenor/bass

52
Q

Reggae

A

1960’s Jamaican music with a pulse on the 2nd and 4th beats

53
Q

Repeat sign

A

Indicated by a double bar line with dots meaning that the section should be repeated

54
Q

Romantic

A

Music from 1810-1900 following the Classical era and features large orchestras

55
Q

Saxophone

A

Woodwind instrument with a single reed often featured in jazz

56
Q

Scale

A

Sequence of notes in ascending/descending order. Major/minor/chromatic/pentatonic/whole tone

57
Q

Scat singing

A

Nonsense words/syllables/sounds that are improvised. Poplar in jazz

58
Q

Scotch snap

A

Accented note before a longer one popular in Strathspeys

59
Q

Scots ballad

A

Song telling a story in strophic form

60
Q

Semiquaver

A

Note lasting a quarter of a beat

61
Q

Simple time

A

Music with 2/3/4 beats in a bar

62
Q

Snare drum

A

Percussion instrument that’s part of a drum kit/marching band

63
Q

Soprano

A

Highest female voice

64
Q

Strathspey

A

Scottish dance featuring dotted rhythms/scotch snaps and has 4 beats in a bar

65
Q

Swing

A

Jazz style from the 1930’s by big bands

66
Q

Syncopation

A

Accented notes played against the beat

67
Q

Tambourine

A

Percussion instrument with metal jingles played by striking with a palm or shaking

68
Q

Tenor

A

Highest male voice

69
Q

Ternary

A

3 part form

70
Q

Theme and variation

A

Melody repeats with variation

71
Q

Timpani

A

Percussion drum with a large bowl for a low pitch

72
Q

Triangle

A

Metal percussion instrument in the shape of a triangle outline with a hole in the corner

73
Q

Trombone

A

Brass instrument with a slide instead of valves

74
Q

Trumpet

A

Highest brass instrument

75
Q

Vamp

A

Bass note on the beat and a chord off the beat

76
Q

Verse and chorus

A

Structure popular in many songs with different words but the music repeats

77
Q

Violin

A

Highest string instrument

78
Q

Wind band

A

Band featuring woodwind/brass/percussion

79
Q

Xylophone

A

Percussion instrument with wooden bars laid in a similar style to a piano

SQA Music (3 decks)

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