NASM Exam Ch 3-4

Question 1

The ____ influences exercise by the safety level of the exercise environment and the number of opportunities for exercise, which includes sidewalks, green spaces, playgrounds, and walking trails

Answer 1

community

Question 2

____ happens when someone does something for rewards or recognition.

Answer 2

Extrinsic motivation

Question 3

____ describes the motivation to do something that comes from within
an individual; it is strongly related to long-term adherence

Answer 3

Intrinsic motivation

Question 4

Common barriers to exercise include lack of time, unrealistic goals, lack of social support, social physique anxiety, lack of convenience, and ambivalence, but all barriers can be either eliminated or minimized with some basic strategies that provide r_____ ____ or alternatives

Answer 4

realistic solutions

Question 5

___ anxiety refers to people feeling anxious about how others perceive their bodies and can be a barrier to exercise participation. Helping clients find activities that reduce this type of anxiety will help create a comfortable exercise environment.

Answer 5

Social physique

Question 6

The____ ____ of exercise as inconvenient can be overcome by making the exercise experience as appealing as possible, both by providing excellent customer service in clean facilities and by helping clients find ways to exercise outside of a fitness
facility

Answer 6

perception barrier

Question 7

____ to exercise occurs when someone has mixed feelings about exercise and
likely sees pros and cons to participation.

Answer 7

Ambivalence

Question 8

____ ____ consists of a source (who or what provides it) and a type (instrumental,
emotional, informational, and companionship), and clients will have different needs and
expectations of social support.

Answer 8

Social support

Question 9

____ support includes the tangible things that assist people with the ability to exercise,
such as providing transportation to a fitness facility, assisting with childcare, or packing someone’s gym bag

Answer 9

Instrumental

Question 10

____ support comes from being caring, empathetic, and concerned about someone’s experience with exercise.

Answer 10

Emotional

Question 11

____ is one of the main reasons why someone will seek out a fitness professional; it includes providing accurate and current information about fitness and
exercise.

Answer 11

Informational support

Question 12

___ support is when someone exercises with another person.

Answer 12

Companionship

Question 13

____ influences on exercise refer to the influence held by other people over whether
or not someone exercises and can come from family members, parents, exercise
leaders, exercise groups, or the surrounding community.

Answer 13

Group

Question 14

____ influence is important for children and adolescents, whereas instrumental
support is often cited as the most influential type of support.

Answer 14

Parental

Question 15

The _____ influences exercise by the safety level of the exercise environment and
the number of opportunities for exercise, which includes sidewalks, green spaces,
playgrounds, and walking trails.

Answer 15

community

Question 16

Clients expect _____; thus, it is crucial to build relationships and maintain a facility that supports training competency.

Answer 16

professionalism

Question 17

____ and ____ are essential techniques in developing a self-regulatory
strategy to improve self-efficacy

Answer 17

Planning and self-monitoring

Question 18

Affective ____ and ____norms can impact a person’s readiness to perform
resistance trainin

Answer 18

judgments and subjective

Question 19

The stages of change include ____, ____, ____, and ____.

Answer 19

pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Question 20

Both ____ and ____ forms of communication are important for developing professional client relationships.

Answer 20

verbal and nonverbal

Question 21

____ ____ refers to having a genuine interest in understanding the client’s health and fitness goals. It involves asking appropriate questions, avoiding distractions and inner dialogue, and providing appropriate feedback

Answer 21

Active listening

Question 22

____ ____ is a style of coaching that is used to enhance intrinsic motivation for change. CPTs can use some techniques from ____ ____, such as developing a discrepancy between a client’s current state and ideal state,promoting change talk, and assessing readiness, willingness, and perceived ability to change.

Answer 22

motivational interviewing

Question 23

Cognitive strategies that can help change behaviors include ___, ___, and ___ before activity.

Answer 23

positive self-talk, imagery, and the practice of psyching up

Question 24

Goals that clients set should be SMART: ___,___,___,___, and ___. Clients should also focus on both process goals and outcome goals.

Answer 24

specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and

timely.

Question 25

For the best outcomes, clients should determine ___ bigger goals, then develop a series of smaller goals that help drive progress to the main goal.

Answer 25

long-term