NASM CPT Flash Cards V6
Study and pass certification for CPT NASM
What is the biological hierarchy
a systematic breakdown of the structures of the human body and is typically organized from structures of the human body and is typically organized from smallest to largest or largest to smallest (ie: cells to organism or organism to cells)
Ligaments are tissues that attach bones to what
Other bones
What are hinge joints
Elbows, knees, and most fingers excluding the thumbs
In which anatomical direction does scoliosis occur at the spine
lateral
What major effect does axial loading have on the human skeletal system
improving bone mineral density to delay the onset of osteoporosis
The I-band of a sarcomere contains which filaments
actin filaments
What is the purpose of muscle spindle fibers
Muscle spindle fibers are proprioceptors that sense a stretch in the muscle. They create a subsequent neuromotor response that causes the muscular contraction of the agonist muscle and reciprocal inhibiltion
Due to their mode of sustained duration training, ultra marathon athletes will primarily have an abundance of which type of muscle fibers
Type 1 slow twitch muscles
Do type II, fast-twitch muscle fibers have a higher or lower density of mitochondria than type 1, slow-twitch muscle fibers
Type II has a lower density of mitochondria than type I slow twitch muscles
What is the difference between muscular hypertrophy and muscular hyperplasia
Muscular hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of the muscle fibers, muscular hyperplasia refers to an increase in the number of muscle fibers.
Does the pulmonary artery carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood to the lungs
deoxygenated
What is the most common type of COPD that fitness professionals will encounter? (It is typically exacerbated by exercise)
asthma
What type of lever system does a calf raise (standing on the balls of the feet) use?
A calf raise uses the second class lever system, the calf muscles are the muscular force, the resistive force is the weight of the body; and the fulcrum is the ball of the foot (force, resistance, fulcrum)
When the body is producing ATP via creatine phosphate and/or muscle glycogen stores, which energy system is being utilized?
The anaerobic energy system
To meet the needs of the exercising muscle, anaerobic glycoloysis produces excessive amounts of hydrogen ions in the bloodstream due to the lack of oxygen uptake. What is the byproduct?
lactic acid
What is the EPOC
Excessive Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption - and it is the body’s continued consumption of oxygen following exercise resulting in more energy expenditure, even at rest
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response?
Somatic nervous system
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the rest and digest response?
autonomic nervous system
Which plane of motion and muscular actions occur as a result of the contraction of the quadriceps muscles?
Plane of motion, sagittal; musclar action: hip flexion and/or knee extension.
Why should equipment and floors at the training facility be cleaned regularly?
Cleaning prevents the spread of infectious disease and bacteria
In a 3rd class lever system, where is the muscular force located in relation to the fulcrum and resistance?
The muscular force is located in the middle of the fulcrum and resistance.
Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and more due to autonomic responses to stimuli?
Epinephrine
How does exercise benefit the cardiovascular system?
Exercise improves heart efficiency and capillary density; it also decreases blood pressure and increases blood volume
Vitamins are divided into which two categories?
Water soluble and fat soluble
