Nasal Cavity 1 Flashcards
Nose is part of the _____ system. It is composed of external nose and nasal cavity, which is divided into right and left halves by _____.
Respiratory; nasal septum
Functions of nose includes: • Olfaction • Respiration • Filtration of dust • Humidification of inspired air • Reception and elimination of secretions from \_\_\_\_\_ sinuses and \_\_\_\_\_ ducts
Paranasal; Nasolacrimal
What makes up the septum? Be specific (3)
Vomer, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, and septal cartilage.
Nasal cavity lies beneath the _____ cranial fossa.
Anterior
Nostrils is external (anterior) nares- open into the _____.
Nasopharynx
______ is internal (posterior) nares–open into the nasopharynx
Choanae
_____ _____ extends from the roof to the floor; has both bony and cartilaginous portions
Nasal septum
(T/F) Nasal cavity usually deviates to one side of the midline.
True
_____ project from lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
Conchae (turbinates)
How many parts can the nasal cavity be divided into? What are they?
3 parts:
- Vestibule part
- Respiratory region
- Olfactory region
Which part of the nasal cavity:
• Lies within the flared portion of the nose
• Contains hair follicles
Vestibule part
Which part of the nasal cavity:
• Largest part of the nasal cavity
• Contains the conchae
Respiratory region
Which part of the nasal cavity:
• Superior-most aspect of the nasal cavity
• Contains olfactory epithelium
Olfactory region
Respiratory regions are made up of what type of epithelium?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Nasal vestibules are made up of what type of epithelium?
Stratified squamous
Olfactory region contains what type of epithelium?
Olfactory epithelium
Vestibule is lined by the skin with short thick hairs, known as?
Vibrassae
_____ is the lining of the sphenoethmoidal recess in the apex of nasal cavity
Olfactory mucosa
_____ covers the rest of the nasal cavity –ciliated epithelium with numerous mucus-secreting glands
Nasal mucosa
Mucosa covering the _____ and ______ traps small dust particles and moistens the inspired air
middle and inferior conchae
Mucus is swept backward by _____ into the _____ and is swallowed
cilia; nasopharynx
_____ are affected by low temperatures: cease to beat at about 10C → nose “runs” in cold weather
Cilia
Upper respiratory tract infections and cigarette smoke also inhibit _____ action
ciliary
What are the floor of the nasal cavity? (2)
- Maxilla
2. Palatine -horizontal
What are the roof of the nasal cavity? (5)
- Lateral cartilages
- Nasal bones
- Frontal bone - very small region
- Ethmoid bone - cribriform plate
- Sphenoid bone – body
_____ is a scroll-like projections into nasal cavity from the lateral walls
CONCHAE (TURBINATES)
What are the 3 conchae (turbinates)?
- Superior nasal concha
- Middle nasal conchae
- Inferior nasal concha is a separate bone
What is the function of chonchae (turbinates)?
Increase surface area –moistening and warming up of the inhaled air
What divide the nasal cavity into recesses or meatuses?
Conchae (Turbinates)
What are the 4 recess or meatus?
- Sphenoethmoidal recess
- Superior meatus
- Middle meaturs
- Inferior meatus
Drainage: What receives opening of the sphenoid paranasal sinus posteriorly?
Sphenoethmoidal Recess
Drainage 1-1-4-1
Drainage: What receives several ducts from the posterior ethmoid air cells
Superior Nasal Meatus
Middle nasal meatus is between _____ and _____ nasal conchae.
Middle and inferior nasal conchae
Ethmoid bulla and semilunar hiatus in contained within which meatus?
Middle nasal meatus
Ethmoid bulla is in the medial wall of _____ meatus.
Middle nasal meatus
Ethmoid bulla receives drainage from?
Middle ethmoid air cells
Semilunar hiatus is a Slit-like groove _____ to and below the ethmoid bulla.
anterior
Semilunar hiatus Receives infundibulum of the frontal sinus _____
anterosuperiorly
Frontonasal of the semilunar hiatus will receive numerous ducts from the _____.
anterior ethmoid air cells
Frontonasal of the semilunar hiatus Receives opening of the _____ sinus posteroinferiorly
maxillary
Inferior Nasal Meatus Receives the _____ duct anteriorly
nasolacrimal duct (Tear drainage)
Frontal sinus is innervated by?
supraorbital nerves (V1)
Frontal sinus opens into the anterior part of the ______ in the middle meatus
semilunar hiatus
______ are small invaginations of the mucous membrane of the middle and superior nasal meatus into the ethmoid bone.
Ethmoid air cells
Ethmoid air cells create the _____ sinus.
Ethmoid
Which set of air cells drain into the middle nasal meatus through the ethmoid infundibulum, hiatus semilunaris?
Anterior
Which set of air cells open directly into the middle meatus (bullar cells) at the ethmoid bulla, a swelling on the superior border of the semilunar hiatus?
Middle
Which set of air cells open directly into the superior meatus?
Posterior
Ethmoid air cells are innervated by?
anterior & posterior branches
of the Nasociliary Nerve (V1)
The ______ are located in the body of the sphenoid (and in some instances may extend into the wings)
sphenoid sinuses
What is the innervation of sphenoid sinus?
branches of nasociliary n.(V1)
There is a thin plate that separates sphenoid sinus from what 5 important structures?
– Optic nerve – Optic chiasm – Pituitary gland – Internal carotid arteries – Cavernous sinus
What is the largest of the paranasal sinuses, pyramidal in shape?
Maxillary sinus
Each Maxillary sinus drains by one or two openings referred to as ______ that empty into the middle meatus by way of the _____ _____.
maxillary ostia ; hiatus semilunaris
Maxillary Sinus drains (up/downwards)?
Upward
Maxillary sinus is innervated by?
anterior, middle, and
superior alveolar nerves (V2)
How does the nasal cavity communicate with the orbit?
via the nasolacrimal duct
How does the nasal cavity communicate with the nasopharynx?
via the choanae
How does the nasal cavity communicate with the paranasal sinuses?
via openings into meatus
How does the nasal cavity communicate with the anterior cranial fossa?
via foramina in the cribriform plate and the foramen cecum
How does the nasal cavity communicate with the pterygoalatine fossa?
via sphenopalatine foramen
How does the nasal cavity communicate with the oral cavity?
via incisive foramen
