nasal anatomy 1 Flashcards
what are some functions of the nose?
respiration filtration humidification olfaction reception of sinus and eye secretions
what type of mucose is present in the nose?
columnar ciliated
there is a squamo columnar junction
how much of the nose is “bony”
1/3
how much of the nose is “cartilaginous”?
2/3
what are the nasal bones?
frontal processes of maxillae
nasal part of frontal bones
what are the 3 different cartilages in the nose?
lateral x 2
septal
alar x 2
what is the anatomical name for the nostril?
anterior naris
what is the midline partition of the nose?
septal cartilage - which is a perpendicular plate of the ethmoid vomer
what is a risk of the nasal septum becoming deviated?
septal haematoma
what are the nasal turbinates?
Turbinates are two spongy curled bones that protrude into the nasal passages.
what are the 4 pairs of turbinates?
superior
middle
inferior
meati
what part of the nose do the turbinates form?
the lateral walls
what forms the roof of the nose?
cribriform plate
what forms the floor of the nose?
hard palate
what lines the nasopharynx?
muco ciliary lining
what are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?
choana
sphenoid sinuses
prevertebral fascia and muscle
soft palate
what are some imprtant contents of the nasopharynx?
eustachian openings
adenoids
what arteries supply the nose?
sphenopalatine artery
greater palatine artery
acending labial artery
ethmoid arteries
where is the capillary plexus located?
mucosal lining of septum
clinical term for a nosebleed?
epistaxis
what nerves supply the nose?
olfactory nerve infraorbital nerve (branch of 5th cranial)
what may happen as a result of trauma to the olfactory nerve?
hyposmia
anosmia
what can happen as a result of damage to the 5th cranial nerve?
paraesthesia
what are sinuses filled with?
air
what are sinuses lined with?
muco-ciliary lining which is continuous with the nose
name 4 sinuses in the head
frontal sinus
ethmoid sinus x2
sphenoidal sinus
maxillary sinus x2
where does the frontonasal duct drain to?
middle meatus
where do the posterior ethmoids drain to?
superior meatus
where do the middle/anterior ethmoids drain to
middle meatus
where does the maxillary sinus drain to?
middle meatus
where does the nasolacrimal duct drain to?
inferior meatus
what pathways do the nasal sinuses drain by?
natural mucociliary pathways
what is an important relation of the frontal sinus?
anterior cranial fossa
what is an important relation of the ethmoid sinuses?
anterior cranial fossa (cribiform plate)
what are some important relations of the maxillary sinuses?
orbits
oral cavity/teeth
what are some important relations of the sphenoid sinuses?
optic nerve
ICA
pituitary gland
