Nappy rash and Chicken pox Flashcards
What are the symptoms of mild nappy rash?
small part of their nappy area will be covered in a pink or red rash
- make up spots or blotches
- can look shiny
stinging sensation when passing urine or faeces
other areas of the body will not be involved
What are the symptoms of severe nappy rash?
bright red spots
dry, cracked and broken skin
swellings, ulcers and blisters on the skin
weeping and yellow crusting - bacterial infection
satellite papules (small, dark red lesions near the perimeter of the area) - secondary fungal infection due to candida
What are non-medicinal treatments for nappy rash?
mild nappy rash - does not typically need treatment
leave the nappy off as long as possible
avoid using soaps to clean the baby’s skin
apply a barrier cream between nappy changes
- sudocrem, petroleum jelly
change the baby’s nappy more frequently
avoid tight fitting pants
What are medicinal treatments to nappy rash?
emollients
- zinc = soothing agent (usually with castor oil)
- castor oil = water resistant layer (normally with zinc)
- dimeticone = water repellant
- lanolin = hydrates the skin but can cause sensitivity reactions
lansinoh, metanium, bepanthen, sudocrem,
What are the treatments for fungal nappy rash?
topical antifungals
canister clotrimazole
- use 2-3 times a day for 7-10 days (including after it has cleared to ensure the infection has been treated completely)
What is chicken pox?
infectious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus
What is the incubation, infection and rash period of chicken pox?
incubation period is 11-21 days
- time between contact and development of rash
infectious period is 5-6 days after the rash appears
- infectious/contagious until the spots crust over
rash is typically over when the infections ends which is typically within a week
- is characteristic
What are the prodromal symptoms of chicken pox?
occur a day or two before the rash appears
flu-like symptoms
- fever, headache, sore throat, malaise
What are the symptoms of chicken pox?
preceded by flu-like symptoms
rash appears
- small, red lumps/spots that develop into blisters that burst forming crusted spots
- appear on the trunk and spread to the rest of the body
rash comes out in crops over 5 days
What is the treatment for chicken pox?
no cure
symptomatic treatment only
- paracetamol for pain
- avoid ibuprofen should be avoided as it is associated with an increased risk of skin infection
What are practical measure for chicken pox?
cut nails short to avoid scratching
drink lots of water to stay hydrated
wear loose fitting clothing
warm salt baths (Epsom salts)
aqueous cream for itching
- eurax (crotamiton), aloe vera (poxclin mousse), virasoothe (glycerin based), calamine lotion or aqueous calamine cream (lotion can dry out the skin)
piriton (chlorpheniramine liquid)
- oral antihistamine for itching and drowsiness
When is it suitable for people with chicken pox to socialise freely?
they are contagious until the last of the rash has appeared and all the spots have crusted over
this can take 5-7 days
