Impetigo, MC and Scarlet fever Flashcards
What is impetigo? What are the different types?
bacterial infection
non-bullous
- red sores that break break open and leave the skin red/inflamed
bullous
- large blisters that burst and leave a honey coloured crust
What are the symptoms of impetigo?
small, itchy red patch of skin that becomes inflamed
rash develops into vesicles filled with fluid and pus
- white colour
the blisters weep and leave a honey coloured crust
- occurs on the mouth, nose and chin.
What is the treatment for impetigo?
topical or oral antibiotic
topical - fusidic acid cream or ointment
oral - flucloxacillin or penicillin. if allergic to penicillin then clarithromycin can be given.
What are practical measures for impetigo?
keep nails short to prevent scratching
avoid sharing towels, clothes
wash hands regularly and the affected area
When is it suitable for people with impetigo to freely socialise?
patients should stay home until the lesions are healed, dry and crusted
OR
until 48hrs after the antibiotic treatment starts
What causes molluscum contagiousum?
viral infection
What are the symptoms of molluscum contagiosum?
pinkish or pearly white wart-like lumps/papules
have a central punctum/dimple with white cheesy exudate upon squeezing
- is diagnostic
can be itchy, smooth and firm
What is the treatment for molluscum contagiosum?
no cure - viral infection
best left untreated
resolves within 18 months
- only problematic in people with HIV or immunosuppression
What are practical measures for molluscum contagiosum?
avoid squeezing the molluscum to avoid spreading the virus
avoid sharing towels, clothes and baths
can suggest OTC products for itching
- eurax cream or aqueous cream
When is it suitable for people with molluscum contagiosum to freely socialise?
patients do not need to stay home
What is scarlet fever?
bacterial infection
- Group A streptococcus
usually follows a skin infection or sore throat
- develop 2-5 days after
What are the symptoms of scarlet fever?
preceded by
- fever, sore throat, loss of appetite and strawberry tongue
strawberry tongue - white coating on the tongue that later peels leaving it swollen with red spots
rash develops
- bright red blotches that turn into fine pink-red rash which feels dry/like sand paper
- on the chest, stomach and neck then spreads
What is the treatment for scarlet fever?
antibiotics
- phenoxymethylpenicillin amoxicillin or arithromycinb (only if allergic)
What are practical measures for scarlet fever?
drink lots of water/fluids
paracetamol for pain and fever
wash hands frequently
avoid sharing utensils or towels
When are people with scarlet fever able to freely socialise?
must stay home at least 24 hrs after antibiotic treatment has started
resolves after a week
