Napoleon's Campaigns In Italy 1796-1797 And 1800

Question 1

redoubt

Answer 1

something that holds or defends a belief or a way of life, especially one that is disappearing or threatened:
He described British public schools as "the last redoubt of upper-class privilege".

Question 2

asunder

Answer 2

into forcefully separated pieces:

Their lives were torn asunder by the tragedy.

Question 3

straits

Answer 3

a difficult situation, especially because of financial problems:
So many companies are in such dire/difficult straits that their prices have come right down.

Question 4

haul

Answer 4

to pull something heavy slowly and with difficulty:
They hauled the boat out of the water.
She hauled herself up into the tree.

Question 5

overhaul

Answer 5

to completely change a system so that it works more effectively:
The government has recently overhauled the healthcare system.
The school chose to overhaul its curriculum by equipping classrooms with new technology.

Question 6

cling

Answer 6

to stick onto or hold something or someone tightly, or to refuse to stop holding it, him, or her:
We got so wet that our clothes clung to us.
They clung together in terror as the screams grew louder.
One little girl was clinging onto a cuddly toy.

Question 7

ponder

Answer 7

to think carefully about something, especially for a noticeable length of time:
She sat back for a minute to ponder her next move in the game.

Question 8

seldom

Answer 8

almost never:
Now that we have a baby, we seldom get the chance to go to the cinema.
Seldom do we receive any apology when mistakes are made.

Question 9

render

Answer 9

to cause someone or something to be in a particular state:
His rudeness rendered me speechless.
New technology has rendered my old computer obsolete.

Question 10

apprehension

Answer 10

worry about the future, or a fear that something unpleasant is going to happen:
It’s normal to feel a little apprehension before starting a new job.
One or two people have expressed apprehension about the changes.
Despite her apprehensions, she accepted the offer.

Question 11

ameliorate

Answer 11

to make a bad or unpleasant situation better:

Foreign aid is badly needed to ameliorate the effects of the drought.

Question 12

devise

Answer 12

to invent a plan, system, object, etc., usually using your intelligence or imagination:
He’s good at devising language games that you can play with students in class.
The cartoon characters Snoopy and Charlie Brown were devised by Charles M. Schultz.

Question 13

annals

Answer 13

the record of an activity or organization, arranged year by year, or a history that covers a long period of time:
This period was one of the darkest in the annals of US history.

Question 14

epoch

Answer 14

a long period of time, especially one in which there are new developments and great change:
The president said that his country was moving into a new epoch, which would be one of lasting peace.

Question 15

malefactor

Answer 15

a person who does bad or illegal things

Question 16

cast an/your eye over sth

Answer 16

to look quickly at something:

Could you cast an eye over this report for me?

Question 17

by dint of sth

Answer 17

as a result of something:

She got what she wanted by dint of pleading and threatening.

Question 18

bear/keep sth in mind

Answer 18

to remember a piece of information when you are making a decision or thinking about a matter:
Bearing in mind how young she is, I thought she did really well.
Of course, repair work is expensive and you have to keep that in mind.

Question 19

craze

Answer 19

an activity, object, or idea that is extremely popular, usually for a short time:
Cycling shorts were the latest craze/(all) the craze that year.
The craze for health foods has become big business.

Question 20

mania

Answer 20

a very strong interest in something that fills a person’s mind or uses up all their time:
So why your sudden mania for exercise?
The article describes the religious mania that is sweeping the US.

Question 21

sinew

Answer 21

a part of a structure or system that provides support and holds it together:
These steel posts form the sinews of the building.

Question 22

sickly

Answer 22

weak, unhealthy, and often sick:
a sickly child/plant
A sickly looking woman handed me my ticket.

Question 23

vogue

Answer 23

a fashion or general liking, especially one that is temporary:
In the 1920s, short hair for women became the vogue.
The postwar vogue for tearing down buildings virtually destroyed the city’s architecture.
The short hemline is very much in vogue (= fashionable) this spring.
“Community” is one of the vogue words of the new government.

Question 24

wanly

Answer 24

in a way that shows no energy or enthusiasm:
She smiled wanly.
“It’s not a good place to be,” he says, wanly.