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French Rev > Napoleon > Flashcards

Napoleon Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Napoleon’s coronation?

A

2 December 1804

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2
Q

What positions did Napoleon hold?

A

Commander of the army of the interior and commander of the army of Italy

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3
Q

When was the battle of Lodi?

A

10 May 1796- victory over Northern Italy

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4
Q

What was the siege of Mantua?

A

French vs Austria

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5
Q

How long was the siege of Mantua?

A

8 months

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6
Q

When was the Treaty of Camp Formio signed?

A

October 17 1797

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7
Q

What year did Napoleon start the Egyptian campaign?

A

1798

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8
Q

What was the main victory of the Egyptian campaign?

A

Battle of the pyramids

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9
Q

What was the main loss of the Egyptian campaign?

A

Battle of the Nile

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10
Q

When was the coup of Brumaire?

A

10 November 1799

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11
Q

Who was involved in the coup of Brumaire?

A

Sieyes and Talleyrand

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12
Q

What year was the Constitution of year VIII?

A

1799

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13
Q

Who were the three Consuls?

A

Sieyes, Roger- Ducos and Bonaparte

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14
Q

Who was the leader of Napoleon’s police force?

A

Joseph Fouche

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15
Q

When was the civil code published?

A

21 March 1804

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16
Q

What’s the word for inheritance of a state?

A

Partage

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17
Q

How many political journals were left after Napoleon’s suppression?

A

4 in 1811

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18
Q

What were Napoleon’s new schools called?

A

Lycées

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19
Q

When was the Concordat signed?

A

15 July 1801

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20
Q

When was the battle of morengo?

A

14 June 1800

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21
Q

When was the battle of ulm?

A

October 1805

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22
Q

When was the battle of trafalgar?

A

21 October 1805

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23
Q

When was the battle of austerlitz?

A

December 1805

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24
Q

Who was the battle of trafalgar against?

A

British: Horatio Nelson

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25
Q

Who was the battle of austerlitz against?

A

Tsar Alexander I

26
Q

When was the war of the fourth coalition?

A

1806-7

27
Q

Why was it called the ‘spanish ulcer’?

A

Guerrilla warfare for 6 years fatally drained Napoleon’s resources

28
Q

When was the Treaty of Tilsit?

A

1807- although Russia rejected the continental blockade 1810

29
Q

What was Russia’s tactic against Napoleon called?

A

Scorched earth

30
Q

When was the battle in Moscow?

A

7 September 1812

31
Q

When was Leipzig? And what’s it more commonly called?

A

1813: battle of nations

32
Q

When was the Treaty of chaumont?

A

March 1814

33
Q

Who was involved in the Treaty of chaumont and what was it?

A

Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria- all would fight on until Napoleon was defeated

34
Q

What was the Treaty establishing Napoleon’s future called?

A

Treaty of Fontainbleau

35
Q

When was the battle of Waterloo?

A

18 June 1815

36
Q

Why did the allies win the battle of Waterloo?

A

Arrival of prussians

37
Q

When was the second Treaty of Paris?

A

November 1815

38
Q

How many people died because of Napoleon’s wars?

A

7% of population

39
Q

Corrupt plebiscite

A

Napoleon as Emperor of the French- didn’t poll the soldiers but added in approx. half a million ‘yes’ votes on their behalf

40
Q

Financial reforms

A

clearer division or roles between the ministry of finance and the treasury, reorganisation of both the direct and indirect taxation system, steps towards a public banking system (the Bank of France 1800), new currency the franc de germinal- soundest currency in Europe

41
Q

Napoleon securing loyalty

A

Legion of Honour 1802, 1804-1808 new titles made for officials of the new imperial court (some came with large estates), 1808 imperial nobility with titles of ‘prince’ etc., grants of large country estates and money to members of the Senate called senatories

42
Q

Arbitrary imprisonment

A

1810- a lot like the old lettres de cachet

43
Q

Revolutionary policies of the Civil Code

A

partage confirmed, abolition of feudalism, subordination of the Church to the state

44
Q

Conditions of the Concordat

A

end of the separation of Church and state, the Catholic church recognised the Revolution and wouldn’t try to take back church lands, state-controlled church and its clergy became civil servants, freedom of religion

45
Q

Military and strategic developments

A

leadership qualities, special bond with the army through daily bulletins, ‘revolutionary’ army, the Grande Armee, new tactics like living off the land, war as self-financing

46
Q

Main events in Napoleon’s downfall

A

The Peninsular War (1808-14) and the invasion of Russia (1812)

47
Q

Causes of the Peninsular War

A

to secure the continental system (preventing British exports entering Europe)

48
Q

How many French troops were in Spain

A

1811- 353,000

49
Q

Mistakes made by Napoleon in the Russian invasion

A

Stayed in Moscow for over a month, meant they had to retreat in the winter, his army only had enough food and clothes for 3 weeks (Napoleon had planned 9 weeks), wanted to face the Russians in a battle, but they knew this and kept retreating- drawing Napoleon further into Russia

50
Q

Impact of the failure of the Russian invasion

A

encouraged Napoleon’s enemies to construct a new anti-French coalition in 1813. Napoleon was unable to prevent his enemies from entering Paris 1814, causing his abdication.

51
Q

Other options for the Coup of Brumaire

A

General Lazare Hoche, Joubert, General Bernadotte, General Moreau

52
Q

Failure in Russia

A

of the 600,000 men assembled in the Great Army, only 30,000 survive the retreat

53
Q

Reasons for victory at Marengo

A

Austrian general Melas, confident of a victory, left the battlefield. French only saved because of reinforcements sent by Desaix. However, Napoleon was over-confident, spread his forces too thinly and under-estimated the elderly but competent Melas= LUCKY VICTORY

54
Q

Results of the Battle of Marengo

A

routed the Austrians

55
Q

Results of Trafalgar

A

prevented French invasion of England, renewed European confidence in Britain and led to securing the 3rd coalition

56
Q

Reasons for victory at Ulm

A

Napoleon circled the Austrians to prevent link up with Russia. Re-directed Mack’s attention by creating a diversion. Mack generally confused and surrendered

57
Q

Reasons for victory at Austerlitz

A

Austrians and Russians underestimated Napoleon. Napoleon charged the Pratzen heights

58
Q

Failure of the 100 days

A

couldn’t gain support. Waterloo- Wellington’s forces outnumbered Napoleon’s 2:1

59
Q

Troop mobility

A

required to move 20-25km a day

60
Q

Victory at Austerlitz

A

Allied forces lost 38% of men, French forces only 13

61
Q

Reinforcements at Austerlitz

A

Marshal Devout marched men 68 miles in 48 hours

French Rev (7 decks)

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