Napoleon

Question 1

Where was Napoleon born?

Answer 1

Ajjacio in the Island of Corsica

Question 2

Which philosophers did he follow?

Answer 2

Jean Jacques Rousseau and Robespierre

Question 3

What college did he attend?

Answer 3

Military college of Brienne

Question 4

What happened while he was studying?

Answer 4

His father Carlo died

Question 5

Who did he marry?

Answer 5

Josephine de Beauharnais, the wife of General Barras

Question 6

Who were the Austrain allies he defeated in the Italian Campaign?

Answer 6

Sardinia and Piedmont

Question 7

Events of the Italian Campaign

Answer 7

Defeated Austrian allies.
Defeated Austria in the Battle of Lodi.
Got many republics from Italy to surrender to France.
Austria came back reinforced but France still defeated them.
Treaty of compo-formal was signed.

Question 8

What were the terms of the treaty of compo-formio?

Answer 8

France got:

1. Troops from states they conquered
2. Money for being victors
3. Territories (Venezia and the Papal States)

Question 9

When was the Egyptian Campaign?

Answer 9

1798-1804

Question 10

Events of the Egyptian campaign.

Answer 10

Napoleons forces went to Egypt and won battles
But admiral Nelson attacked in vengeance. He made an attack on land that Napoleon didn’t expect.
Napoleon was stranded in Egypt but wanted to modernize it but then the Turks attacked.

Question 11

What was happening in Europe during the Egyptian campaign?

Answer 11

Russian army was making conquests and France was in chaos.

Napoleon abandoned his post to lead a coup d’etat in France.

Question 12

What was the coup d’etat called?

Answer 12

The coup d’etat of Brumaire.

Question 13

What did the coup entail?

Answer 13

Counsel of 500 were having a meeting, Napoleon and forces surrounded and invaded it.
Forced people to resign and ended the counsel of 500.
Replaced it with the French Consulate. (3 consuls, he was 1st)

Question 14

What were 3 privileges of first consul?

Answer 14

1. Appoint all officials (nepotism)
2. Make all military decisions
3. Make changes in law

Question 15

In what 2 ways did Napoleon reorganize France?

Answer 15

Code Napoleon

Education system

Question 16

What did code Napoleon do?

Answer 16

Emphasized different positions of men and women.
-men are superior and fathers are head of family,
-men could marry from 25, women need permission to marry under 21
Formed classless society to create illusion of freedom
Change justice system to trial by jury
Introduced team of lawyers to keep people aware of laws

Question 17

What was Napoleon’s education system?

Answer 17

Built schools called lyceés.
Focus on 
1. Military 
2. Scientific education
3. Technical schools
4. Commercial subjects

Question 18

What and when we’re Napoleon’s 3 diplomatic moves?

Answer 18

The concordat (1801)
The peace treaty of Amiens (1802)
The treaty of Tilsit (1807)

Question 19

What was the concordat?

Answer 19

Treaty signed with pope that brought state and church together.
Gave Catholics ability to conduct own affairs indipendantly and Napoleon some church land.

Question 20

What was the treaty of Amiens?

Answer 20

Between French and British that gave France territories (West Indies, Malta)
It was to subdue Napoleon’s aggression and keep the peace.

Question 21

What was the treaty of Tilsit?

Answer 21

Signed in Russian town between Tsar and Napoleon.

Gave Napoleon and ally.

Question 22

What was the third coalition?

Answer 22

Treaty formed to combat and prevent French aggression between:
Austria
Russia
Britain

Question 23

Why Russia part of third coalition?

Answer 23

Wanted backing of superpower of Britain in its squishing of Bulkan states and control of Black Sea.

Question 24

Why Austria sign the third coalition?

Answer 24

Wanted to regain Italian territory and wanted Britain’s neutrality.

Question 25

Events of battle of trafalgar?

Answer 25

Britain deployed Admiral Nelson to the English Channel while Austrian and Russian armies approached from the East.
Napoleon defeated at sea but defeated the others at land in
Battle of Austerlitz

Question 26

What was the continental system/Berlin decree?

Answer 26

Napoleon’s attempt to cripple Britain by ruining its overseas trade and creating suffering for citizens with an economic policy.

Question 27

What was the decree?

Answer 27

1806 - ordered all French colonies to stop trading with Britain and its colonies.

Question 28

How did this system backfire?

Answer 28

Britain knew many French colonies relied on them so discontinued trade and the colonies suffered.
December 1807, economic war ensued and many colonies rose up against France.

Question 29

What was the result of the continental system?

Answer 29

Napoleon arrested the pope.
Napoleon forced Denmark to join and moved soldiers to northern German places (Hamburg, Lubek, Bremen)
Before he could join with the Danish fleet, Britain had defeated them.

Question 30

What was the peninsular war?

Answer 30

Spain didn’t want to accept the continental system so Napoleon called a conference in Bayonne and got monarchy to abdicate and replaced them with Joseph (cousin).
Spanish people didn’t not like French rule and formed guerrilla armies (backed by Britain and Portugal)
French defeated guerrillas but Britain intervened and defeated in Lisbon.

Question 31

Events after 1912

Answer 31

June 1912 - led army into Russia but Csar Alexander adopted new strategy or retreating and using scorched earth policy.
When they entered Moscow it was a wreck and Napoleon ordered the retreat.
In Paris, general started rumors of his death so Napoleon returned.
He raised new army but lost in the Battle of the Nations.

Question 32

What treat did he sign?

Answer 32

Treaty of Fountainebleu and all was restored under Congress of Vienna