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Chemistry 1 > Naming, Writing Chemical Compounds, and Oxidation States of Elements > Flashcards

Naming, Writing Chemical Compounds, and Oxidation States of Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

Two types of Inorganic Compounds

A

Binary molecular compounds and ionic compounds

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2
Q

Chlorine (Cl)

A

-1

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3
Q

Inorganic compound that are:
- composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces
termed ionic bonding. These compounds are neutral overall, but consists of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions.

A

ionic compounds

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4
Q

Inorganic compound that are:
- composed of two elements.
- both anion/nonmetal atoms.

A

Binary molecular compounds

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5
Q

Calcium (Ca)

A

+2

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6
Q

Boron (B)

A

+3

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7
Q

Silicon (Si)

A

+4

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8
Q

Aluminum (Al)

A

+3

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9
Q

Potassium (K)

A

+1

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10
Q

Zinc (Zn)

A

+2

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11
Q

Cadmium (Cd)

A

+2

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12
Q

Sodium (Na)

A

+1

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13
Q

Helium (He)

A

0

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14
Q

Barium (Ba)

A

+2

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15
Q

Bismuth (Bi)

A

+3

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16
Q

Iodine

A

-1

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17
Q

Lithium (Li)

A

+1

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18
Q

rules in naming ternary acids

A

Hydrogen ion + anion polyatomic ion

If the anion polyatomic ion being given ends with the suffix -ite
(which corresponds to lower no. of oxygen atoms), use the suffix -ous in naming. On the other hand, use suffix -ic for anion polyatomic ion ending with suffix -ate. Then add the word “acid”.

19
Q

Flourine (F)

A

-1

20
Q

Argon (Ar)

A

0

21
Q

Involving Transition Metals with 2 Oxidation Numbers/Charges

A

A. Common Name. Latin origin (of the transition metal) + suffix -ous for lower oxidation number or suffix -ic for higher oxidation number. In this case, mercury is the exemption. Instead, use the chemical name (mercury) drop the -y then add the suffix -ous/-ic depending on the oxidation number being given in the formula.

B. Stock Name. Chemical name (of the transition metal) + Roman Numeral (enclosed in parentheses) corresponding to the oxidation number being used. (No space between the
chemical name and Roman numeral.)

22
Q

Silver (Ag)

A

+1

23
Q

Carbon (C)

A

+4

24
Q

Rules in naming binary molecular compound

A
  • the more electropositive atom is written first, followed by the more electronegative atom
  • Remove the ending of the second element and add “ide”
  • prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element in a compound: “mono” is one, “di” is two, “tri” is three, “tetra” is four “penta-” is five, and “hexa-” is six, “hepta-” is seven, “octo-” is eight, “nona-” is nine, and “deca” is ten
  • if there is only one of the first element, remove the “mono”
25
Q

Sulfur (S)

A

-2

26
Q

Hydrogen (H)

A

+1

27
Q

Beryllium (Be)

A

+2

28
Q

Naming Transition Metals with 3 or more Oxidation Numbers

A

Common name - The two lower oxidation numbers will only have their common names. Latin origin (of the transition metal) + suffix -ous for lowest oxidation number or suffix -ic for 2nd to the lowest oxidation number (higher than that: stock name) . In this case, mercury is the exemption.

Stock Name - Chemical name (of the transition metal) + Roman Numeral (enclosed in parentheses) corresponding to the oxidation number being used. (No space between the chemical name and Roman numeral)

Name the nonmetal by revising the suffix. (-ide)

29
Q

Phosphorus (P)

A

-3 (+3, +5)

30
Q

Oxygen (O)

A

-2

31
Q

Bromine (Br)

A

-1

32
Q

Rules in naming binary acids

A

For simplicity, the acids that we will be concerned with naming are really just a special class of ionic compounds where the cation is always H+. When dissolved in water, acids produce H+ (also called protons) since removing the single electron from a neutral hydrogen atom leaves behind one proton).

Hydrogen ion + anion/nonmetal ion
Acid Names
Hydro + NM + -ic + acid
- Binary acids begin with hydrogen and contains a nonmetal which can be identified between the “hydro” and the “ic”.

Systematic Name:
- just like binary ionic compounds

33
Q

rules in naming Ternary Ionic Compounds

A

same as naming Binary Compounds.

  • anion ending with suffix -ide;
  • anion polyatomic ion -ate/-ite (or as is being given)
34
Q

Nitrogen (N)

A

-3

35
Q

Magnesium (Mg)

A

+2

36
Q

Nickel (Ni)

A

+2

37
Q

Neon (Ne)

A

0

38
Q

Rules in Naming Binary Ionic Compound Involving Representative Elements or transition metals w/ fixed oxidation state

A
  • Write chemical name of the cation/metal which always appears first
  • then write the chemical name of anion/nonmetal which ends in “-ide”
39
Q

Selenide (Se)

A

-2

40
Q

Gallium (Ga)

A

+3

40
Q

Arsenic (As)

A

-3

41
Q

Strontium (Sr)

A

+2

42
Q

Cesium (Cs)

A

+1

Chemistry 1 (6 decks)

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