Naming Covlent Flashcards
Naming covalent step number one
Less electronegative atom comes first
Naming covalent step number two
Add prefixes to indicate number of atoms. Always prefix for last, don’t need mono for first
Naming covalent step number third
Change ending of second element to ide
Exceptions
If the second element starts with a vowel you get rid of the vowel ending of the prefix
If prefix ends in I, don’t change it
Seven diatomic elements
Hydrogen Oxygen Fluorine Bromide Iodine Nitrogen Chlorine
Acids
Ionic in water covalent not in water
Common compounds that form H3O plus in water (hydronium)
Exceptions for acids
Hydrochloric acid
HCL
Exceptions for acids nitric acid
HNO3
Exceptions for acids sulfuric acid
H2SO4
Naming acids binary
End in ide
Hydro-stem-ic acid
Naming acids ternary ends in ate
Stem-ic acid
Naming acids ternary ends in ite
Stem-ous acid
Forming acid formula
Forming acid formula
H plus polyatomic ion
Acid exceptions cyanide
Hydrocynic acid
HCN
Naming acids exceptions hydroxide
HOH water
Empirical formula
Smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
How to form empirical formula
Percent to mass
Mass to mole
Divide by small
Multiply to whole
Molecular formula
True formula
The actual number of atoms in a compound
How to find molecular formula
Find empirical
Find mass of empirical
Divide molecular mass by empirical
Binary molecular is
Covalent