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CHEM 101 [Exam #2] > Naming Compounds + Practice > Flashcards

Naming Compounds + Practice Flashcards

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1
Q

When asked to name a compound that consists of a metal and nonmetal (ionic), how do you go about naming them?
Ex: NaCl

A
  • (FIRST STEP: ALWAYS IDENTIFY THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPOUND; METAL, NONMETAL, TRANSITION METAL, POLYATOMIC ION)
  • Keep the name of the metal (cation = Na+ = Sodium)
  • Change the name of the nonmetal (anion = Cl- = Chlorine = Chloride) and have it end in -ide
  • Sodium Chloride
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2
Q

Name the following compound

KCl

A

Potassium Chloride

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3
Q

MgO

A

Magnesium Oxide

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4
Q

Li₂S

A

Lithium Sulfide

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5
Q

When asked to write the formula for a compound that consists of a metal and nonmetal (ionic), how do you go about that?
Ex: Sodium iodide

A
  • (FIRST STEP: ALWAYS IDENTIFY THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPOUND; METAL, NONMETAL, TRANSITION METAL, POLYATOMIC ION)
  • Write out the charge for each element (Sodium = Na⁺¹; Iodide = I⁺¹)
  • Balance the charges, if needed (not needed = NaI)
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6
Q

A metal and nonmetal ion together form _______ (ionic/covalent) compounds

A

ionic

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7
Q

A nonmetal and polyatomic ion togetether form ________ (ionic/covalent) compounds

A

ionic

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8
Q

A transition metal and nonmetal ion together form _______ (ionic/covalent) compounds

A

ionic

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9
Q

Write the formula for the following compounds

Magnesium Oxide

A

MgO

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10
Q

Write the formula for the following compounds

Aluminum Chloride

A

AlCl₃

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11
Q

Write the formula for the following compounds

Lithium Sulfate

A

Li₂SO₄

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12
Q

Write the formula for the following compounds

Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Mg(OH)₂

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13
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

NH₄⁺

A

ammonium

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14
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Nitrate

A

NO₃-

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15
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Phosphate

A

PO₄⁻³

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16
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Carbonate

A

CO₃⁻²

17
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Sulfate

A

SO₄⁻²

18
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Hydroxide

A

OH⁻

19
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Acetate

A

C₂H₃O₂

20
Q

Identify this polyatomic ion

Cyanide

A

CN⁻

21
Q

If a polyatomic anion have one less oxygen than the “normal”, it will end in ______
Provide examples.

A

-ite

NO₂⁻ = nitrite
PO₃³⁻ = phosphite

22
Q

If a polyatomic anion starts with a hydrogen, use the prefix _____

A

bi- or hydrogen

HCO3- = bicarbonate/hydrogen carbonate
HSO3- = bisulfit/hydrogen sulfite

23
Q

When asked to write the formula for a compound that consists of a transition metal and nonmetal (ionic), how do you go about that?
Ex: Cobalt (III) chloride

A
  • Identify the charges on each; the roman numeral tells you the number of cations for that elements (Cobalt (III) = Co⁺³; Cl⁻¹)
  • Balance it out (we need 3 Cl to balance out the charges)
  • Write new formula (CoCl₃)
24
Q

Write out the formula

Copper (II) nitrate

A

Cu(NO₃)₂

25
Q

Iron (I) oxide

A

Fe₂O

26
Q

When asked to write the name for a compound that consists of a transition metal and nonmetal (ionic), how do you go about that?
Ex: CoCl₃

A
  • Identify the transition metal and nonmetal
  • Identify the charge on the nonmetal (Cl⁻¹)
  • Find out the total number of anions (-1 x 3Cl = -3)
  • Balance it out (Theres only 1 cobalt atom, so this means it must have a charge of +3 to balance out the -3 that we found earlier)
  • Add -ide to the anion
  • Cobalt (III) Chloride
27
Q

Write out the name of this compound

Cu(NO₃)₂

A

Copper (II) nitrate

28
Q

Write out the formula

Aluminum Bicarbonate

A

Al(HCO₃)₃

29
Q

Write out the name of this compound

FeO

A

Iron (II) Oxide

30
Q

How do ionic and covalent compounds differ?

A

Ionic = the transfer of electrons between metals and nonmetals
Covalent = the sharing of electrons betwee two nonmetals

31
Q

How do you go about naming compounds between two nonmetals (covalent)?
Ex: CH₄

A
  • Use correct prefix depending on the number of atoms (mono, di, tri, etc). The last element will end in -ide
  • CH₄ = carbon tetrahydride
32
Q

How do you go about writing formulate for compounds with two nonmetals (covalent)
Ex: Carbon monoxide

A
  • Use the prefix to determine the number of atoms
  • Carbon = C
  • Monoxide = O
    = CO
33
Q

Write the name of this compound

H₂O

A

Dihydrogen monoxide

34
Q

Write the name of this compound

IF

A

Iodine monofluoride

35
Q

Write the formula for this compound

Oxygen difluoride

A

OF₂

36
Q

Write the formula for this compound

Dioxide

A

O₂

37
Q

Know the prefix to use when naming covalent compounds

A

1 = mono
2 = di
3 = tri
4 = tetra
5 = penta
6 = hexa
7 = hepta
8 = octa
9 = nona
10 = deca

CHEM 101 [Exam #2] (4 decks)

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