Naming compounds Flashcards
Define the term “Hydrocarbon”
A compound which contains carbon and hydrogen only
Define the term “Saturated hydrocarbon”
A hydrocarbon which contains only single carbon-carbon bonds
Define the term “unsaturated hydrocarbon”
A hydrocarbon which contains one or more double carb-carbon bonds
Define the term “functional group”
A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound
Define the term “homologous series”
A family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the same functional group
Each successive member differs by a CH2 group
Show a trend in physical properties
Define the term “structural isomers”
Compounds with the same formula but different structures
Define the term “Macromolecule”
A large molecule built up from small units called monomers
What is a test for unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Unsaturated hydrocarbons will decolourise bromine water (orange to colourless)
How do you name compounds that are alkanes
-ane e.g. methane
How do you name compounds that are alkenes
-ene e.g. methene
How do you name compounds that are alcohols
-ol e.g. methanol
How do you name compounds that are carboxylic acids
-oic acid e.g. methanoic acid
How do you name compounds that are esters
-alkyl-oate e.g. methyl ethanoate
Name the first four alkanes
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
What is the equation for cracking alkanes
Alkane —–> Shorter alkane + alkene (heat and cayaylst used)
