Names and Concepts Flashcards
1
Q
Foucault
A
- Modern society is about the construction of order and discipline
- Take surveillance, develop knowledge
- Use knowledge to dominate
2
Q
Girard
A
- Memetic theory
- Notion of desire
- We desire things we perceive others as desiring
- We want to imitate the desire of others
3
Q
Philosophy of the face
A
- The face of the other is what we need to understand
4
Q
Hermeneutics
A
- The branch of knowledge that deals with interpretation, especially of the Bible or literary texts.
5
Q
Jürgen Habermas
A
- German philosopher
- World renowned
- Best known for work in critical theory
- Concentrated on the study of society and politics
- Human institutions must be understood in their historical context
- Help the emancipation of human kind
6
Q
Jean-François Lyotard
A
- 1960s protests
- New time in human history
- La condition post-moderne
- The end of metanarratives
- Modern condition is characterized by profound skepticism
7
Q
Jacques Derrida
A
- French philosopher born in Algeria
- Deconstruction
- Postmodern
- Post-structuralism
8
Q
Deconstruction
A
- Western tradition based on exclusion of ‘othernes’ and that rationalism was nothing more than the domination of the male logocentric world view
- Believed philosophers could expose these beliefs by deconstructing texts to reveal their true structures
9
Q
Edward Said
A
- Orientalism (book) 1978
- Famous for proposing that Western intellectuals and scientists have created an imaginary picture of the Non-Western world
- The myth of orientalism
10
Q
Sun Tzu
A
- Power is the goal of politics and war and suggested ways that a sovereign could expand his power by becoming more adept at foreign policy and war
11
Q
Kautilya
A
- Proponent of Sun Tzu style ideas
12
Q
Thucydides
A
- Explained the Peloponnesian War as a consequence of expansion of Athenian power and the Spartan rection
13
Q
Machiavelli
A
- Argued that people are motivated by interests and that politics is a means to attain ones goals
- In order to be successful in politics one needs to have a ruthless strategy of deception and violence
- Morals have nothing to do with politics
14
Q
Hans Morgenthau
A
- Primary realist theorist of the 20th century
- Analyzed the Cold War as two superpowers attempting to dominate the planet
- Main constraint to both countries was nuclear war
15
Q
Elites in Politics
A
- Pareto
- Mosca
- Michels
- Role of elites in politics
16
Q
Iron Law of Oligarchy
A
- Michels
- Sooner or later all political parties and by extension political organizations, will be dominated by a small elite
17
Q
Charles Tilly
A
- Studied the formation of modern nation-states in Europe o shed light on how groups compete for power, enlarge their own power, and limit that of their enemies
18
Q
Mills & Chomsky
A
- Capitalist countries are led by an undemocratic group of businesspeople and their allies in the government and the mass media
19
Q
Antonio Gramsci
A
- Imprisoned by Mousillini
- Developed theory of Hegemony to explain continued bourgeois power
- Power to impose your own interests by disguising them as universal and incontestable ideas
20
Q
Stephen Gill
A
- Believes that ideas and institutions have, along with influence of economic and technological forces, a role to play in the modern world system
- Understanding American hegemony in the international system
21
Q
Johan Galtung
A
- Norweigan peace and conflict researcher
- Developed a structuralist view of dependency
- Structural links of dependency not just between rich and poor nations, but also the poor and dominant classes within nations
- Fracture between powerful and powerless that can lead to conflict
22
Q
Immanual Wallerstein
A
- World Systems Theory
- Main global conflict is the one between dependent nations of the South and the dominant societies of the North
- There also exists a semi-periphery of partially industrialized states including Mexico, Brazil, Malaysia, Thailand, and Turkey
23
Q
Talcott Parsons
A
- America was the prototype for modernity because it had achieved stability, secularism, pluralism, efficiency, and humanism with little turmoil
24
Q
Samuel P. Huntington
A
- Modernization as an irreversible historical process, and political development, which he saw as contingent and fluctuating
- Political development was not an automatic result of modernization
- Exemplified by post-colonial regimes that espoused authoritarian and paternalistic forms of government
25
Q
Erich Fromm & Theodor Adorno
A
- Created the concept of the authoritarian personality to explain the mental makeup of Adolf Hitler
- Adorno believed the fascist attitudes were derived from personality and later devised the F-scale to measure fascist tendencies in people
26
Q
Albert Bandura
A
- Psychologist
- Social learning theory
- Bobo Doll Experiment
27
Q
Quincy Wright
A
- Number of people involved in warfare/prepared to go to war at its highest point in history
- Frequency of warfare is diminishing
28
Q
F.H. Hinesley
A
- Great power war diminishing
- War itself diminishing
- International conflict diminishing
29
Q
Paul Collier
A
- Resource Curse Hypothesis
- States where national income is primarily from natural resources are prone to less democracy, less growth, and peace
30
Q
Herbert Spencer
A
- Survival of the Fittest
- There is a scientific basis to race differentiation
- Survival of cultures, races, classes
31
Q
Conrad Lauren
A
- Aggressive instinct
- Aggression is a biological necessity
- We need aggression for sexual drive and replication of the species
32
Q
Seville Statement
A
- Violence is not in our genes
- Not linking violence to genetics
33
Q
Richard Dawkins
A
- Evolutionary stable strategies: patterns or actions in our genes which survive to protect and procreate the species
- Meme - cultural pattern or norm that reproduces an idea in the minds of people
34
Q
Thomas Homer Dixon
A
- Environmental scarcity is a huge issue
- Environmental devastation is a growing concern
- Conflict will arise as we fight over remaining resources
35
Q
LeBon
A
- There are a couple things that turn crowds into mobs
- Strong leaders control and encourage groups of people to come together
- People in group have anonymity, do things they might not otherwise do
- Individual autonomy is maximized in crowds and mobs
Riff Raff
- No social connection to others
- No reason for society to function properly
36
Q
Sapau
A
- Passive protestors
- Active protestors
- Violent protestors
- Do things that might not be relevant to the protest
- Ancestral shadow
e. g. in the former Yugoslavia
