names

Question 1

murdoch

Answer 1

functionalist , 4 functions - looked at over 400 families - found nuclear family to be universal
1-EDUCATIONAL/SOCILISATION -taught norms and values of society
2-ECONOMIC- the family provides an economic function to all its members by pooling resources and ensuring all have what they need.
3-REPRODUCTIVE- produces the next generation of the society.
4-SEXUAL - ensures that adults’ sexual relationships are controlled and stable.

• A02 ignores diversity - prenstensim

Question 2

parsons

Answer 2

functionalist - loss of function due to structural differentiation [lost functions to society]- urbanisation , families geographically mobile
1- Primary socialisation- instumental and expressive roles
2-Stabilisation of adult personalities - warm bath theory - destress, recharge through there family , children

Question 3

zarestsky

Answer 3

marxists - benefits capitalism
1- SOCILISATION-learn capitalist norms and values
2-SAFTEY VALUE -safe haven” from the oppression and exploitation of capitalism whereby they could managed there resentment of it which helped to maintain capitalism by preventing revolution or resistance.
3-PRODUCES NEXT GENERATION OF WORKERS
- wants us in debt forced to work more , bulimic society - overconsume , never enough, keeping up with the jonses

Question 4

dobash 2

Answer 4

1 in 8 women suffer domestic violence
Went to a women’s shelter in Glasgow and asked open questions.
- found out 1 in 8 women experience domestic violence.
- believes this is inevitable as patriarchy is the heart of society.
- solution is to eradicate patriarchy.

Question 5

purdy

Answer 5

radical feminist -Men are real problem
believes patriarchy is at the heart of society and heterosexual acts/relationships reflect patriarchy and abuse.
- she believes that the solution would be for women to have homosexual relationships to avoid abuse and patriarchy.
3.3% lgbtq

Question 6

firestone

Answer 6

radical femnist -Believes men and women should live separately
Children through ivf

Question 7

rich

Answer 7

Should be baby strike to avoid patriarchy

Question 8

willmot and young

Answer 8

functionlists -Family used to be segregated . men would work then go to working men clubs , women would rely on extended family
After industrial revolution became impossible - geographically mobile
Became symmetrical - men doing 1 household chore per week
Asymmetrical family - 21st century, - 60 hours of work per week for man and women , then go to the gym , barely see each other , children and boarding school or childcare.

Question 9

oakely

Answer 9

liberal feminists oakley disagrees with willmott and young .- 72% of men preform 1 house hold job per week , leaving 28% of men doing nothing . leaves women with a duel burden of working and domestic labour . triple shift expands on this , where in addition to domestic labour and work women also are responsible for the emotional well being of the family, however this happens less within the bourgeoise and wealthier families . this suggests a clear imbalance in the division of labour in domestic relation ships.

Question 10

duncome and marsden

Answer 10

Women under triple shift - labour , work , emotional wellbeing
Care and community act- women had to look after elderly more - quad shift

Question 11

sharpe

Answer 11

unstructured interviews- girls attitude’s changed-careers over family
creative singlehood - women living independently

Question 12

beck

Answer 12

Beck would argue that in a postmodern society greater choice had lead to greater individualisation , meaning people act on self interest which has lead to a rise in non traditional families such as the negotiated family [ negotiated to fit the needs of its members ] and lone parent families . he argues this is why 42% of marriages end in divorce because people can no longer compromise and are selfish

Question 13

giddens

Answer 13

LGBTQ realtionships , pioneers , based on pure love , rolling contracts , can leave at any time

Question 14

palmer

Answer 14

childhood is toxic
education- target culture , national curriclum , exams adds stress and pressure
diet - fast food
social media - perfectionism , anxiety

Question 15

pilcher

Answer 15

Sociologist Pilcher believes that childhood is not lost but rather has always been fixed. She theorises that childhood is an important transitional period and a journey where children make mistakes in order to learn and progress and eventually through socialisation move up hierarchy until they become accustomed to the ways of the adult world. This implies childhood is not lost in society but instead a vital transition into it.
done hierachally through birthdays , learn more with age , experince

Question 16

postman

Answer 16

Post Man believes that childhood is lost and becoming blurred with adulthood as we have returned to aries theory of children being dressed as mini adults. For example , the jamie boldgen case arrested two ten year olds for the murder of a toddler . thus this implies childhood is being lost to adulthood as we see children committing acts associated with adults. Further we have seen a decline in print hierarchy , wich is the concept that the adult world was sheltered from children in newspaper . however now due to globalised media the adult world has been exposed to children and been made widely accessible . therefore lines between adulthood and childhood has been blurred.

Question 17

aries

Answer 17

Sociologist Aries believed childhood was not only lost but didn’t exist . He studied thousands of paintings and found that children were dressed as ‘mini adults’. This is because children were part of the production units meaning they were considered to have the same responsibilities as adults and were productive for society. However after the march of progress for children with reforms such as the child labour act and the education act we have now entered the modern cult of childhood. This is where children are seen as special , and are invested in with specialised institutions [such as schools] and child specialists and thus childhood has been revived ,However has been lost and surrender to government control where its reality is decided through reforms.

Question 18

turnball

Answer 18

ik tribe

Question 19

murray

Answer 19

New right
Murray - to many lone parent families leads to juvenile delinquents- need disciplinarian- doesn’t like underclass because they don’t contribute to society
and rely on benefits

Question 20

phillips

Answer 20

flight from parenting - teen parents - father leaves and mother leaves emotionally- dosent sociliase
Underclass marginalised - ideological scapegoat

Question 21

cohen

Answer 21

Berlin wall torn down [1989] -lead to free movement around europe
Uk had lots of migrations from eastern europe seeking jobs
Lead to super diversity -3 types of migrants :
Citizens [passports]
Denizens [rich migrants , no passport ]
Helots[slaves ,exploited by the system ] [no passport , no money]
Responses = multiculturalism [uk ] or assimilation [french]

Question 22

wilkinson

Answer 22

The world seems smaller due to globilisation
- stopping the mining industry.
- their job was a way of expressing ‘hegemonic masculinity’.
- causes men to be more emasculated.
- due to this, men abuse their wives to feel more empowered as a man as they are frustrated with life.

Question 23

hirsch

Answer 23

Hirsch argues that the ageing population presents financial questions on how this period of older age will be funded.
The options are to delay retirement age or increase contributions from taxes or savings.
Hirsch concludes that the current move towards early retirement must be reneged to meet the challenges.

Question 24

Donzelot and foucault

Answer 24

Surveillance - family under surveillance - healthcare -nanny state
Donzelots - lone parents policed

Question 25

smart

Answer 25

Personal life sociology [can choose family -pets , dead relatives etc.]
Lgtq more likely to choose family because there outcast from there own
conectness thesis - decisions are linked

Question 26

materlistic DA

Answer 26

Poverty
cumulative poverty
- poverty and addiction, not an excuse but an explanation.
- a poor background may result in more addiction.
Addiction
‘blackout’
- causes people to not know what they have done.
- this may be another explanation to domestic violence.
- not an excuse, but can lower time in prison for any acts done.

Question 27

jenks

Answer 27

childhood - rapid change has unsettled parents Rapid change [ education extended , ict/games -social media ,bullying ]-anxiety parents concerned -feel the need to protect childhood
Stranger danger -overprotecting - sceptical of everyone everything
Divorce - child is ‘safety blanket’

Question 28

tiger parents

Answer 28

Leads to different types of parenting - tiger parents [middle class]:
Everything’s competitive - keeping up with the joneses
Parents power - know about everything - get angry with schools of their child is in trouble