Nail Technician Flashcards
Outermost layer of skin and the thinnest. Protects layers of skin
Epidermis
What are the 3 main layers of skin?
Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fascia
Outermost layer and layer where cosmetologist applies products
Stratum corneum
What is composed by keratin?
Skin (stratum), hair, and nails
The layer of skin below the epidermis. Also called the corium
Dermis
Layer of skin below dermis. It connects to muscles below it
Subcutaneous fascia
Saclike oil glands that lubricate skin and hair
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands within dermis
Sudoriferous glands
What are lesions?
Visible abnormalities
What are primary lesions?
Either raised on skin or different color. Cysts, bullae, nodules, tumors
What are secondary lesions?
Modifications of primary lesions. Scars, crusts, scales, fissures
What are the 3 functions of skin?
Protection, sensation, regulation
Formed from newly generated nail cells. Protected by cuticle
Nail root
Hard protective part of nail. Also called onyx. Should be somewhat transparent
Nail plate
Part of nail plate that extends beyond the nail bed. Should be white and smooth
Free edge
Where nail cells are generated
Nail matrix
Visible part of matrix
Lunula
Area at base of nail. Nail root is formed and grows out of matrix
Mantle
Skin underneath nail plate. Light pink
Nail bed
What system is the cuticle, hyponychium, and eponychium part of?
The cuticular system
Skin on either side of the upper portion of the nail
Nail wall
What are bruised nails?
Blood trapped under nail
Irregular growth or thickening of nail
Hypertrophy
Skin grows over nail plate
Pterygium
Callus builds on sidewall and nail bed
Onychophosis
What layer of skin contains a large amount of adipose tissue?
Subcutaneous fascia
What are the extensions of the dermis that allow blood vessels to get closer to the surface of the skin?
Dermal papillae
What are the 3 types of primers?
Acid based, nonacid, or acid free
What are primers?
Aid the process of adhesion. May be acid based, nonacid, or acid free
Any chemical that enables 2 separate surfaces to stick together
Adhesives
What is the recommended temperature for paraffin wax?
125 degrees
The electric files force of rotating pressure
RPM
Which type of file grinds the nail instead of cutting it?
Diamond
What is the first step of a pedicure procedure?
Sorry clients feet with antiseptic
Short, mobile molecule chains that have not polymerized and are capable of linking to other chains
Oligomers
Define acrylic nails
Nail enhancements created by mixing liquid and powders. Can look natural or nail art
Premolded plastic tips. Attached by nail adhesive
Nail tips
Overlays that enhance nail tips. Increases strength and durability
Nail wraps
Requires UV light
Gels
Acrylic maintenance. Fill growth
Acrylic backfill
Designed to clip nail tip enhancements
Tip cutter
Nail wraps that are tightly woven and lightweight making them close to natural nail with wrinkling
Silk wraps
Nail wraps that are thicker and stronger than silk wraps. Require multiple coats of resin
Linen wraps
Nail wraps that loosely woven. Weaker than others but absorb resin better
Fiberglass wraps
Is used to secure nail wrap to the nail or nail tip. Made from cyanoacrylates
Resin
Measures the thickness of liquid and and dictates how a liquid flows
Viscosity
How is the light within the UV spectrum measured?
Nanometers
How many nanometers is usually in a UV light
100nn to 400nn
When to replace UV bulbs?
About 6 months of regular use
What type of brush is best for creating long, thin lines?
Striper brush
Which type of nail wrap has the advantage of being loose and absorbing resin more completely?
Fiberglass
What is the recommended position for airbrushing nails?
2 to 3 inches from nail. Move entire arm
