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Nail Theory > Nail structure and growth > Flashcards

Nail structure and growth Flashcards

1
Q

The heart protective plate located at the end of the finger or toe is called what?

A

Natural nail

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2
Q

The fingernails and toenails are part of which body system?

A

Integumentary system

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3
Q

The ______ of the nails can reflect the general heath of the body?

A

Overall appearance

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4
Q

Which of the following is technically referred to as the onyx?

A

The natural nail

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5
Q

The natural note is primarily composed of what substance?

A

Keratin

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6
Q

A normal healthy nail is firm and flexible, shiny, slightly pink in color with a ____ surface?

A

Smooth

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7
Q

The keratin in natural nails is _______ the keratin in hair or skin

A

More durable than

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8
Q

The nail plate is relatively _____ to water, allowing it to pass much more easily than it will pass the normal skin of equal thickness.

A

Porous

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9
Q

The lower the water content, and now the ______ the nail becomes.

A

More rigid

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10
Q

What is the portion of living skin that supports the nail plate it grows towards the edge is called the what?

A

Nail bed

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11
Q

The area under the nail plate has a ____ appearance, extending from the lunula to before the edge of the nail.

A

Pinkish

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12
Q

Where are the nail plate cells formed?

A

The matrix

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13
Q

What is the whitish half moon shape at the base of the nail called?

A

The lunula

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14
Q

The matrix area contains nerves, lymph, and _____ to nourish the matrix cells.

A

The matrix

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15
Q

What is the most visible and functional part of the nail unit.

A

Nail plate

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16
Q

The free edge ______

A

Extends over the tip of the finger or toe.

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17
Q

The cuticle is dead, ______ tissue attached to the plate.

A

Colorless

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18
Q

Cuticle tissue is incredibly ____ and difficult to remove from the nail plate.

A

Sticky

19
Q

The living skin at the base of the plate covering the matrix area is the _____

A

Eponychium

20
Q

What is the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the free edge of the nail plate called?

A

Hyponychium

21
Q

A tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds on an organ in place is called what?

A

A ligament

22
Q

No technicians are allowed to gently push back the eponychium but are prohibited from cutting or trimming any part of the eponychium because it is _____

A

Living skin

23
Q

Cuticle conditioners are designed for the eponychium, lateral sidewalls, and _____

A

Hyponychium

24
Q

Cuticle removers, when carefully applied to the nail plate, can speed removal of _____

A

Cuticle tissue

25
Q

Ligaments are located at the base of the _____ and around the edges of the nail bed.

A

Matrix

26
Q

The _____ are folds of normal skin that surround the nail plate.

A

Nail folds

27
Q

The sidewall also called the ____ is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.

A

Lateral nail fold

28
Q

A normal nail grows forward from the ____ and extends over the tip of the finger.

A

Matrix

29
Q

The length, width and curvature of the ____ determine the thickness ,width and curvature of the natural nail plate.

A

Matrix

30
Q

What can be done to make the nail plate grow quicker?

A

Nothing

31
Q

Nails grow slowest at what time of the year?

A

Winter

32
Q

The nail of what finger grows the fastest?

A

The middle finger

33
Q

Nails of _____ grow at a slower rate than others.

A

The elderly

34
Q

Because of hormonal changes in the body, nail growth, ____ during the first trimester of the pregnancy.

A

Increases dramatically

35
Q

What causes the dramatic increase and decrease in the rate of nail growth during an after pregnancy?

A

Hormonal changes

36
Q

Compared to the matrix found on the fingernails the matrix found on toenails is _____

A

Longer

37
Q

Compared to the fingernails, toenails grow _____

A

Slower

38
Q

How long does the replacement of the natural fingernail take?

A

4-6 months

39
Q

How long does it take for the natural replacement of a toenail?

A

9-12 months

40
Q

The natural nail is considered an appendage of the ____

A

Skin

41
Q

The surface of a normal healthy nail ____

A

Is unspotted

42
Q

Oil based nail conditioners _____

A

Can improve flexibility

43
Q

Nail folds form the nail groove or _____ on each side of the nail.

A

Furrow

44
Q

As a person ages, part of the nail matrix begin to permanently slow down production, causing the plate to develop a series of _____ running the length of the plate.

A

Narrow grooves

Nail Theory (10 decks)

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