Nail Disorders Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of the cuticular system
cuticle or eponychium, perionychium and hyponychium.
How can you maintain healthy nails? Give 5 examples
- Do not bite or tear your nails.
- Cut nails straight across.
- Do not pull hangnails
- Keep your nails dry and clean.
- Use lotion or cuticle oil to keep them
hydrated. - Get regular manicures and
pedicures. - Dont share shoes or socks
- Wear sandals when using pool facilities.
- Avoid “diggingout” ingrown toenails, especially if they are infected and sore. If you are suffering from an ingrown toenail, see a dermatologist for treatment.
- Wear shoes that fit properly
What is the golden rule when dealing with nail disorders?
A- if the nail or skin to be worked on is infected, inflamed/swollen, broken, or red, a nail technician should not serve the client.
Define nail disorder:
A nail disorder is caused by injury, disease, or imbalance in the body.
List and describe four symptoms of the nail that would be a signal to consult your physician:
Changes in nail color, such as discoloration of the entire nail or a dark streak under the nail.
Changes in nail shape, such as curled nails.
Thinning or thickening of the nails.
Separation of the nail from the surrounding skin.
Long depressions that run length wise
Furrows or corrugations
Bitten deformed nails
Onyocaphagy
Nail appears blue in colour
Discoloured nails
Wasting away of the nail
Onychatrophia or atrophy
Common forward cuticle growth
Pterygium
Split brittle nails
Onychorrhexis
Nail grows into the tissue of the side of the nail
Onychocryptosis or attophy across nail
Cuticle is dry so it splits
Agnails or hangnails
White spots on the nail
Leukonychia
The overgrowth of nails
Onychauxis or hypertrophy
Fragile thin white and curved nails
Eggshell nails
List three causes of leukonychia
- Air bubbles
- A bruise
- Injury to the nail
List four risk factors for getting mould (fungus)
- Damaged nails
- Poor foot hygeine
- Medical conditions : diabetes, psoriasis, poor circlulation, immune system problems
- peripheral arterial disease
What is onychophaghy and how can this condition be imporved
Is an oral compulsive habit of chewing fingernails. It can improve greatly with regular manicures
What is onychorrexis and how can it be improved
Is a split or brittle nail that also have series of lengthwise ridges. It can be corrected with recomditioning treatments
List seven causes of corrugations
- psoriasis
- Poor circulation
- Frostbite
- High fever
- Pregnancy
- Zinc deficiency
- Measels in childhood
Can you service leukonychia
Yes
Can you service onychatrophia
No
Can you service onychia
No
Can you service eggshell nails
Yes
Can you service onychomycosis tinea unguium
No
Can you service onychoptosis
No
Can you service onychophagy
Yes
Can you service paronychia
No
Can you service furrows
Yes
Can you service onychomycosis
Yes
Can you service onychauxis
Yes
Can you service onychophyma
Yes
Can you service onychocryptosis
Yes and no, depends
Can you service onycholysis
No
Can you service discoloured nails
Yes
Can you service pterygium
Yes
Can you service mould
No
Can you service bruised nails
Yes
Can you service agnails
Yes
Can you service onychorrhexis
Yes
Can you service pyogenic granuloma
No
Can you service clubbing
Yes
Explain melanonychia
A black band of pigment cells grows from the proximal matrix
Explain discolored nails
This is a condition in which the nails turn a variety of colors, including yellow, blue, green, red, or purple. This can be caused by poor blood circulation, a heart condition, or topical or oral medications. People who take a lot of vitamins or take chemotherapy, may present this condition.
